Abschlussvortrag im Rahmen des Habilitationsverfahrens

Topological superconductivity offers a route to realize Majorana zero modes—exotic quasiparticles that could serve as fault-tolerant building blocks for quantum computation. In this talk, I will overview recent progress in creating magnetic–superconducting hybrid systems, focusing on atomically assembled one-dimensional chains of magnetic atoms on superconducting substrates. These systems provide an ideal platform to study the emergence of Yu–Shiba–Rusinov states and their evolution toward topological superconductivity. I will then discuss vortex-bound Majorana states in topological insulators proximitized with superconductors and outline possible strategies for realizing robust, well-isolated Majorana modes in such architecture. The talk aims to bridge fundamental concepts with experimental realizations, based on low-temperature STM studies to uncover the origin and properties of these states and guide the development  of new hybrid systems capable of hosting topologically nontrivial superconducting phases.