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• Traveling Wave MPI utilizing a Field-Free Line. Greiner, Christoph; Rückert, Martin A.; Kampf, Thomas; Behr, Volker C.; Vogel, Patrick. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203027, author = {Greiner, Christoph and Rückert, Martin A. and Kampf, Thomas and Behr, Volker C. and Vogel, Patrick}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Traveling Wave MPI utilizing a Field-Free Line}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203027 %A Greiner, Christoph %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Kampf, Thomas %A Behr, Volker C. %A Vogel, Patrick %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203027 %T Traveling Wave MPI utilizing a Field-Free Line %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/439
• Robust Centerline Prediction for Accurate Vessel Wall Visualization of Intracranial Vessels in Multi-Contrast 3D MRI Data. Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Guggenberger, Konstanze; Raithel, Esther; Forman, Christoph; Meckel, Stephan; Ludwig, Ute; Krafft, Axel J.; Hennig, Jürgen; Bley, Thorsten A. In arXiv, 2209(01422). 2022.
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  An accurate planar visualization (curved planar reformation - CPR) of intracranial arteries is mandatory for an improved luminal and mural assessment especially in low resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data sets acquired in standard clinical settings. CPR visualization methods based on the centerline of the desired structure are fast and easy to implement but the accuracy strongly depends on the spatial resolution of the 3D data set and the size of the desired vessel. In the manuscript, a novel algorithm for fast and robust centerline calculation in multi-contrast 3D MRI data is presented. It considers the extracted surface of the vessel structure for a more accurate centerline prediction resulting in an enhanced CPR visualization of small vessels.

  @article{vogel2022robust, abstract = {An accurate planar visualization (curved planar reformation - CPR) of intracranial arteries is mandatory for an improved luminal and mural assessment especially in low resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data sets acquired in standard clinical settings. CPR visualization methods based on the centerline of the desired structure are fast and easy to implement but the accuracy strongly depends on the spatial resolution of the 3D data set and the size of the desired vessel. In the manuscript, a novel algorithm for fast and robust centerline calculation in multi-contrast 3D MRI data is presented. It considers the extracted surface of the vessel structure for a more accurate centerline prediction resulting in an enhanced CPR visualization of small vessels.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Guggenberger, Konstanze and Raithel, Esther and Forman, Christoph and Meckel, Stephan and Ludwig, Ute and Krafft, Axel J. and Hennig, Jürgen and Bley, Thorsten A.}, journal = {arXiv}, keywords = {myown}, number = {01422}, title = {Robust Centerline Prediction for Accurate Vessel Wall Visualization of Intracranial Vessels in Multi-Contrast 3D MRI Data}, volume = 2209, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel2022robust %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Guggenberger, Konstanze %A Raithel, Esther %A Forman, Christoph %A Meckel, Stephan %A Ludwig, Ute %A Krafft, Axel J. %A Hennig, Jürgen %A Bley, Thorsten A. %D 2022 %J arXiv %N 01422 %R http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.01422 %T Robust Centerline Prediction for Accurate Vessel Wall Visualization of Intracranial Vessels in Multi-Contrast 3D MRI Data %V 2209 %X An accurate planar visualization (curved planar reformation - CPR) of intracranial arteries is mandatory for an improved luminal and mural assessment especially in low resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data sets acquired in standard clinical settings. CPR visualization methods based on the centerline of the desired structure are fast and easy to implement but the accuracy strongly depends on the spatial resolution of the 3D data set and the size of the desired vessel. In the manuscript, a novel algorithm for fast and robust centerline calculation in multi-contrast 3D MRI data is presented. It considers the extracted surface of the vessel structure for a more accurate centerline prediction resulting in an enhanced CPR visualization of small vessels.
• Multiparametric rotational drift spectroscopy. Rückert, Martin; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Behr, Volker. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203018, author = {Rückert, Martin and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Behr, Volker}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Multiparametric rotational drift spectroscopy}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203018 %A Rückert, Martin %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Behr, Volker %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203018 %T Multiparametric rotational drift spectroscopy %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/448
• iMPI – interventional Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin A.; Greiner, Christoph; Reichl, Teresa; Günther, Johanna; Von Böhn, Alexander; Mirzojan, Liana; Kampf, Thomas; Bley, Thorsten A.; Herz, Stefan; Behr, Volker C. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203025, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin A. and Greiner, Christoph and Reichl, Teresa and Günther, Johanna and Von Böhn, Alexander and Mirzojan, Liana and Kampf, Thomas and Bley, Thorsten A. and Herz, Stefan and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {iMPI – interventional Magnetic Particle Imaging}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203025 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Greiner, Christoph %A Reichl, Teresa %A Günther, Johanna %A Von Böhn, Alexander %A Mirzojan, Liana %A Kampf, Thomas %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Herz, Stefan %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203025 %T iMPI – interventional Magnetic Particle Imaging %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/455
• iMPI - portable human-sized Magnetic Particle Imaging Scanner for real-time endovascular Interventions. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin; Greiner, Christoph; Günther, Johanna; Reichl, Teresa; Kampf, Thomas; Bley, Thorsten; Behr, Volker; Herz, Stefan. Research Square Platform {LLC}, 2022.
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  @article{Vogel_2022, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin and Greiner, Christoph and Günther, Johanna and Reichl, Teresa and Kampf, Thomas and Bley, Thorsten and Behr, Volker and Herz, Stefan}, keywords = {myown}, month = {dec}, publisher = {Research Square Platform {LLC}}, title = {iMPI - portable human-sized Magnetic Particle Imaging Scanner for real-time endovascular Interventions}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Vogel_2022 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin %A Greiner, Christoph %A Günther, Johanna %A Reichl, Teresa %A Kampf, Thomas %A Bley, Thorsten %A Behr, Volker %A Herz, Stefan %D 2022 %I Research Square Platform {LLC} %R 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2294644/v1 %T iMPI - portable human-sized Magnetic Particle Imaging Scanner for real-time endovascular Interventions %U https://doi.org/10.21203%2Frs.3.rs-2294644%2Fv1
• Human-Sized Lightweight Head-Scanner Design. Günther, Johanna; Rückert, Martin A.; Reichl, Teresa; Greiner, Christoph; von Boehn, Alexander; Kampf, Thomas; Bley, Thorsten A.; Behr, Volker C.; Herz, Stefan; Vogel, Patrick. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203064, author = {Günther, Johanna and Rückert, Martin A. and Reichl, Teresa and Greiner, Christoph and von Boehn, Alexander and Kampf, Thomas and Bley, Thorsten A. and Behr, Volker C. and Herz, Stefan and Vogel, Patrick}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Human-Sized Lightweight Head-Scanner Design}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203064 %A Günther, Johanna %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Reichl, Teresa %A Greiner, Christoph %A von Boehn, Alexander %A Kampf, Thomas %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Behr, Volker C. %A Herz, Stefan %A Vogel, Patrick %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203064 %T Human-Sized Lightweight Head-Scanner Design %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/438
• Highly Flexible Human Aneurysm Models for Realistic Flow Experiments with MPI and MRI. Reichl, Teresa; Winter, Patrick; Andelovic, Kristina; Bauer, Wolfgang R.; Jakob, Peter M.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Herold, Volker; Behr, Volker C.; Herz, Stefan; Vogel, Patrick. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203035, author = {Reichl, Teresa and Winter, Patrick and Andelovic, Kristina and Bauer, Wolfgang R. and Jakob, Peter M. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Herold, Volker and Behr, Volker C. and Herz, Stefan and Vogel, Patrick}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Highly Flexible Human Aneurysm Models for Realistic Flow Experiments with MPI and MRI}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203035 %A Reichl, Teresa %A Winter, Patrick %A Andelovic, Kristina %A Bauer, Wolfgang R. %A Jakob, Peter M. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Herold, Volker %A Behr, Volker C. %A Herz, Stefan %A Vogel, Patrick %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203035 %T Highly Flexible Human Aneurysm Models for Realistic Flow Experiments with MPI and MRI %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/450
• Highly Flexible and Modular Simulation Framework for Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin A.; Kampf, Thomas; Behr, Volker C. In arXiv, 2208(13835). 2022.

  for associated supplementary videos, see https://ep5.physik.uni-wuerzburg.de/people/pkvogel/2022_MFS/
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  Simulations with high accuracy are an essential part of scientific research to accelerate the innovation process. They are especially useful for finding novel approaches or optimizing existing methods. Today, powerful software tools are available consisting of multiple packages with a wide variety of features, methods, and models meet the requirements for different questions in multiple fields of research. Unfortunately, the complexity and often inflexibility of such unspecific software tools can hinder an optimal workflow. Especially in the case of a novel research fields, e.g., Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), the requirements on a software tool are a high degree of flexibility paired with a manageable number of highly specific features to provide fast and easy access. Thus, often research sites generates their own software solution to address their specific demands. Until now, only few simulation frameworks are available, which partially fulfil most requirements of the young field of MPI. However, the coverage of the entire process of emulating a full MPI experiment from magnetic field and particle dynamic simulations, hardware and sequence programming over signal generation and data processing to final reconstruction and visualization combined with an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) and without the need of complex combination of different software packages cannot be found in the literature or MPI community so far. With the presented modular simulation framework consisting of multiple interconnected software packages to specific purposes, all necessary simulation steps are provided. The high degree of flexibility and modularity allow the simulation and emulation of almost any kind of MPI scanners known in the MPI community. Furthermore, the modular framework allows an easy connection of third-party software using dedicated interfaces between important steps.

  @article{vogel2022highly, abstract = {Simulations with high accuracy are an essential part of scientific research to accelerate the innovation process. They are especially useful for finding novel approaches or optimizing existing methods. Today, powerful software tools are available consisting of multiple packages with a wide variety of features, methods, and models meet the requirements for different questions in multiple fields of research. Unfortunately, the complexity and often inflexibility of such unspecific software tools can hinder an optimal workflow. Especially in the case of a novel research fields, e.g., Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), the requirements on a software tool are a high degree of flexibility paired with a manageable number of highly specific features to provide fast and easy access. Thus, often research sites generates their own software solution to address their specific demands. Until now, only few simulation frameworks are available, which partially fulfil most requirements of the young field of MPI. However, the coverage of the entire process of emulating a full MPI experiment from magnetic field and particle dynamic simulations, hardware and sequence programming over signal generation and data processing to final reconstruction and visualization combined with an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) and without the need of complex combination of different software packages cannot be found in the literature or MPI community so far. With the presented modular simulation framework consisting of multiple interconnected software packages to specific purposes, all necessary simulation steps are provided. The high degree of flexibility and modularity allow the simulation and emulation of almost any kind of MPI scanners known in the MPI community. Furthermore, the modular framework allows an easy connection of third-party software using dedicated interfaces between important steps.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin A. and Kampf, Thomas and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {arXiv}, keywords = {myown}, note = {for associated supplementary videos, see https://ep5.physik.uni-wuerzburg.de/people/pkvogel/2022_MFS/}, number = 13835, title = {Highly Flexible and Modular Simulation Framework for Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 2208, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel2022highly %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Kampf, Thomas %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2022 %J arXiv %N 13835 %R https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.13835 %T Highly Flexible and Modular Simulation Framework for Magnetic Particle Imaging %V 2208 %X Simulations with high accuracy are an essential part of scientific research to accelerate the innovation process. They are especially useful for finding novel approaches or optimizing existing methods. Today, powerful software tools are available consisting of multiple packages with a wide variety of features, methods, and models meet the requirements for different questions in multiple fields of research. Unfortunately, the complexity and often inflexibility of such unspecific software tools can hinder an optimal workflow. Especially in the case of a novel research fields, e.g., Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), the requirements on a software tool are a high degree of flexibility paired with a manageable number of highly specific features to provide fast and easy access. Thus, often research sites generates their own software solution to address their specific demands. Until now, only few simulation frameworks are available, which partially fulfil most requirements of the young field of MPI. However, the coverage of the entire process of emulating a full MPI experiment from magnetic field and particle dynamic simulations, hardware and sequence programming over signal generation and data processing to final reconstruction and visualization combined with an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) and without the need of complex combination of different software packages cannot be found in the literature or MPI community so far. With the presented modular simulation framework consisting of multiple interconnected software packages to specific purposes, all necessary simulation steps are provided. The high degree of flexibility and modularity allow the simulation and emulation of almost any kind of MPI scanners known in the MPI community. Furthermore, the modular framework allows an easy connection of third-party software using dedicated interfaces between important steps.
• Fully mechanical driven Traveling Wave MPI. Mirzojan, Liana; Rückert, Martin A.; Greiner, Christoph; Böhn, Alexander V.; Kampf, Thomas; Behr, Volker C.; Vogel, Patrick. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203011, author = {Mirzojan, Liana and Rückert, Martin A. and Greiner, Christoph and Böhn, Alexander V. and Kampf, Thomas and Behr, Volker C. and Vogel, Patrick}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Fully mechanical driven Traveling Wave MPI}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203011 %A Mirzojan, Liana %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Greiner, Christoph %A Böhn, Alexander V. %A Kampf, Thomas %A Behr, Volker C. %A Vogel, Patrick %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203011 %T Fully mechanical driven Traveling Wave MPI %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/444
• Effects of image homogeneity on stenosis visualization at 7 T in a coronary artery phantom study: With and without B1-shimming and parallel transmission. Herz, Stefan; Stefanescu, Maria R.; Lohr, David; Vogel, Patrick; Kosmala, Aleksander; Terekhov, Maxim; Weng, Andreas M.; Grunz, Jan-Peter; Bley, Thorsten A.; Schreiber, Laura M. In PLOS ONE, 17(6), pp. 1–16. Public Library of Science, 2022.
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  Background To investigate the effects of B1-shimming and radiofrequency (RF) parallel transmission (pTX) on the visualization and quantification of the degree of stenosis in a coronary artery phantom using 7 Tesla (7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Stenosis phantoms with different grades of stenosis (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%; 5 mm inner vessel diameter) were produced using 3D printing (clear resin). Phantoms were imaged with four different concentrations of diluted Gd-DOTA representing established arterial concentrations after intravenous injection in humans. Samples were centrally positioned in a thorax phantom of 30 cm diameter filled with a custom-made liquid featuring dielectric properties of muscle tissue. MRI was performed on a 7 T whole-body system. 2D-gradient-echo sequences were acquired with an 8-channel transmit 16-channel receive (8 Tx / 16 Rx) cardiac array prototype coil with and without pTX mode. Measurements were compared to those obtained with identical scan parameters using a commercially available 1 Tx / 16 Rx single transmit coil (sTX). To assess reproducibility, measurements (n = 15) were repeated at different horizontal angles with respect to the B0-field. Results B1-shimming and pTX markedly improved flip angle homogeneity across the thorax phantom yielding a distinctly increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) averaged over a whole slice relative to non-manipulated RF fields. Images without B1-shimming showed shading artifacts due to local B1+-field inhomogeneities, which hampered stenosis quantification in severe cases. In contrast, B1-shimming and pTX provided superior image homogeneity. Compared with a conventional sTX coil higher grade stenoses (60% and 80%) were graded significantly (p<0.01) more precise. Mild to moderate grade stenoses did not show significant differences. Overall, SNR was distinctly higher with B1-shimming and pTX than with the conventional sTX coil (inside the stenosis phantoms 14%, outside the phantoms 32%). Both full and half concentration (10.2 mM and 5.1 mM) of a conventional Gd-DOTA dose for humans were equally suitable for stenosis evaluation in this phantom study. Conclusions B1-shimming and pTX at 7 T can distinctly improve image homogeneity and therefore provide considerably more accurate MR image analysis, which is beneficial for imaging of small vessel structures.

  @article{10.1371/journal.pone.0270689, abstract = {Background To investigate the effects of B1-shimming and radiofrequency (RF) parallel transmission (pTX) on the visualization and quantification of the degree of stenosis in a coronary artery phantom using 7 Tesla (7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Stenosis phantoms with different grades of stenosis (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%; 5 mm inner vessel diameter) were produced using 3D printing (clear resin). Phantoms were imaged with four different concentrations of diluted Gd-DOTA representing established arterial concentrations after intravenous injection in humans. Samples were centrally positioned in a thorax phantom of 30 cm diameter filled with a custom-made liquid featuring dielectric properties of muscle tissue. MRI was performed on a 7 T whole-body system. 2D-gradient-echo sequences were acquired with an 8-channel transmit 16-channel receive (8 Tx / 16 Rx) cardiac array prototype coil with and without pTX mode. Measurements were compared to those obtained with identical scan parameters using a commercially available 1 Tx / 16 Rx single transmit coil (sTX). To assess reproducibility, measurements (n = 15) were repeated at different horizontal angles with respect to the B0-field. Results B1-shimming and pTX markedly improved flip angle homogeneity across the thorax phantom yielding a distinctly increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) averaged over a whole slice relative to non-manipulated RF fields. Images without B1-shimming showed shading artifacts due to local B1+-field inhomogeneities, which hampered stenosis quantification in severe cases. In contrast, B1-shimming and pTX provided superior image homogeneity. Compared with a conventional sTX coil higher grade stenoses (60% and 80%) were graded significantly (p<0.01) more precise. Mild to moderate grade stenoses did not show significant differences. Overall, SNR was distinctly higher with B1-shimming and pTX than with the conventional sTX coil (inside the stenosis phantoms 14%, outside the phantoms 32%). Both full and half concentration (10.2 mM and 5.1 mM) of a conventional Gd-DOTA dose for humans were equally suitable for stenosis evaluation in this phantom study. Conclusions B1-shimming and pTX at 7 T can distinctly improve image homogeneity and therefore provide considerably more accurate MR image analysis, which is beneficial for imaging of small vessel structures.}, author = {Herz, Stefan and Stefanescu, Maria R. and Lohr, David and Vogel, Patrick and Kosmala, Aleksander and Terekhov, Maxim and Weng, Andreas M. and Grunz, Jan-Peter and Bley, Thorsten A. and Schreiber, Laura M.}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, number = 6, pages = {1-16}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, title = {Effects of image homogeneity on stenosis visualization at 7 T in a coronary artery phantom study: With and without B1-shimming and parallel transmission}, volume = 17, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 10.1371/journal.pone.0270689 %A Herz, Stefan %A Stefanescu, Maria R. %A Lohr, David %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kosmala, Aleksander %A Terekhov, Maxim %A Weng, Andreas M. %A Grunz, Jan-Peter %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Schreiber, Laura M. %D 2022 %I Public Library of Science %J PLOS ONE %N 6 %P 1-16 %R 10.1371/journal.pone.0270689 %T Effects of image homogeneity on stenosis visualization at 7 T in a coronary artery phantom study: With and without B1-shimming and parallel transmission %U https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270689 %V 17 %X Background To investigate the effects of B1-shimming and radiofrequency (RF) parallel transmission (pTX) on the visualization and quantification of the degree of stenosis in a coronary artery phantom using 7 Tesla (7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Stenosis phantoms with different grades of stenosis (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%; 5 mm inner vessel diameter) were produced using 3D printing (clear resin). Phantoms were imaged with four different concentrations of diluted Gd-DOTA representing established arterial concentrations after intravenous injection in humans. Samples were centrally positioned in a thorax phantom of 30 cm diameter filled with a custom-made liquid featuring dielectric properties of muscle tissue. MRI was performed on a 7 T whole-body system. 2D-gradient-echo sequences were acquired with an 8-channel transmit 16-channel receive (8 Tx / 16 Rx) cardiac array prototype coil with and without pTX mode. Measurements were compared to those obtained with identical scan parameters using a commercially available 1 Tx / 16 Rx single transmit coil (sTX). To assess reproducibility, measurements (n = 15) were repeated at different horizontal angles with respect to the B0-field. Results B1-shimming and pTX markedly improved flip angle homogeneity across the thorax phantom yielding a distinctly increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) averaged over a whole slice relative to non-manipulated RF fields. Images without B1-shimming showed shading artifacts due to local B1+-field inhomogeneities, which hampered stenosis quantification in severe cases. In contrast, B1-shimming and pTX provided superior image homogeneity. Compared with a conventional sTX coil higher grade stenoses (60% and 80%) were graded significantly (p<0.01) more precise. Mild to moderate grade stenoses did not show significant differences. Overall, SNR was distinctly higher with B1-shimming and pTX than with the conventional sTX coil (inside the stenosis phantoms 14%, outside the phantoms 32%). Both full and half concentration (10.2 mM and 5.1 mM) of a conventional Gd-DOTA dose for humans were equally suitable for stenosis evaluation in this phantom study. Conclusions B1-shimming and pTX at 7 T can distinctly improve image homogeneity and therefore provide considerably more accurate MR image analysis, which is beneficial for imaging of small vessel structures.
• Critical Offset Magnetic PArticle SpectroScopy for rapid and highly sensitive medical point-of-care diagnostics. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Friedrich, Bernhard; Tietze, Rainer; Lyer, Stefan; Kampf, Thomas; Hennig, Thomas; Dölken, Lars; Alexiou, Christoph; Behr, Volker Christian. In Nature Communications, 13(1). Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}, 2022.
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  @article{Vogel_2022, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Friedrich, Bernhard and Tietze, Rainer and Lyer, Stefan and Kampf, Thomas and Hennig, Thomas and Dölken, Lars and Alexiou, Christoph and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {Nature Communications}, keywords = {myown}, month = {nov}, number = 1, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}}, title = {Critical Offset Magnetic PArticle SpectroScopy for rapid and highly sensitive medical point-of-care diagnostics}, volume = 13, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Vogel_2022 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Friedrich, Bernhard %A Tietze, Rainer %A Lyer, Stefan %A Kampf, Thomas %A Hennig, Thomas %A Dölken, Lars %A Alexiou, Christoph %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2022 %I Springer Science and Business Media {LLC} %J Nature Communications %N 1 %R 10.1038/s41467-022-34941-y %T Critical Offset Magnetic PArticle SpectroScopy for rapid and highly sensitive medical point-of-care diagnostics %U https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-022-34941-y %V 13
• COMPASS - rapid and highly sensitive medical point-of-care diagnostic. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin; Friedrich, Bernhard; Tietze, Rainer; Lyer, Stefan; Kampf, Thomas; Hennig, Thomas; Dölken, Lars; Alexiou, Christoph; Behr, Volker. Research Square Platform {LLC}, 2022.
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  @article{Vogel_2022, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin and Friedrich, Bernhard and Tietze, Rainer and Lyer, Stefan and Kampf, Thomas and Hennig, Thomas and Dölken, Lars and Alexiou, Christoph and Behr, Volker}, keywords = {myown}, month = {jun}, publisher = {Research Square Platform {LLC}}, title = {COMPASS - rapid and highly sensitive medical point-of-care diagnostic}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Vogel_2022 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin %A Friedrich, Bernhard %A Tietze, Rainer %A Lyer, Stefan %A Kampf, Thomas %A Hennig, Thomas %A Dölken, Lars %A Alexiou, Christoph %A Behr, Volker %D 2022 %I Research Square Platform {LLC} %R 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1712353/v1 %T COMPASS - rapid and highly sensitive medical point-of-care diagnostic %U https://doi.org/10.21203%2Frs.3.rs-1712353%2Fv1
• A closed form solution of magnetic nanoparticles in Rotating drift spectroscopy. Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, M.A.; Vilter, A.; Sturm, V.J.F.; Vogel, Patrick; Behr, V.C. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2022.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203079, author = {Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, M.A. and Vilter, A. and Sturm, V.J.F. and Vogel, Patrick and Behr, V.C.}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {A closed form solution of magnetic nanoparticles in Rotating drift spectroscopy}, year = 2022 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2022.2203079 %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, M.A. %A Vilter, A. %A Sturm, V.J.F. %A Vogel, Patrick %A Behr, V.C. %D 2022 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 8 No 1 Suppl 1 (2022) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.2203079 %T A closed form solution of magnetic nanoparticles in Rotating drift spectroscopy %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/449

• Vasa vasorum of proximal cerebral arteries after dural crossing - potential imaging confounder in diagnosing intracranial vasculitis in elderly subjects on black-blood MRI. Guggenberger, Konstanze Viktoria; Torre, Giulia Dalla; Ludwig, Ute; Vogel, Patrick; Weng, Andreas Max; Vogt, Marius Lothar; Fröhlich, Matthias; Schmalzing, Marc; Raithel, Esther; Forman, Christoph; Urbach, Horst; Meckel, Stephan; Bley, Thorsten Alexander. In European Radiology. Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}, 2021.
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  @article{Guggenberger_2021, author = {Guggenberger, Konstanze Viktoria and Torre, Giulia Dalla and Ludwig, Ute and Vogel, Patrick and Weng, Andreas Max and Vogt, Marius Lothar and Fröhlich, Matthias and Schmalzing, Marc and Raithel, Esther and Forman, Christoph and Urbach, Horst and Meckel, Stephan and Bley, Thorsten Alexander}, journal = {European Radiology}, keywords = {myown}, month = {aug}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}}, title = {Vasa vasorum of proximal cerebral arteries after dural crossing - potential imaging confounder in diagnosing intracranial vasculitis in elderly subjects on black-blood MRI}, year = 2021 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Guggenberger_2021 %A Guggenberger, Konstanze Viktoria %A Torre, Giulia Dalla %A Ludwig, Ute %A Vogel, Patrick %A Weng, Andreas Max %A Vogt, Marius Lothar %A Fröhlich, Matthias %A Schmalzing, Marc %A Raithel, Esther %A Forman, Christoph %A Urbach, Horst %A Meckel, Stephan %A Bley, Thorsten Alexander %D 2021 %I Springer Science and Business Media {LLC} %J European Radiology %R 10.1007/s00330-021-08181-5 %T Vasa vasorum of proximal cerebral arteries after dural crossing - potential imaging confounder in diagnosing intracranial vasculitis in elderly subjects on black-blood MRI %U https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00330-021-08181-5
• Synomag®: The new high-performance tracer for magnetic particle imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin; Grüttner, Cordula; Kowalski, Anja; Teller, Henrik; Behr, Volker. In Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag., 7(1), p. 2103003. International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2021.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2021.2103003, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin and Grüttner, Cordula and Kowalski, Anja and Teller, Henrik and Behr, Volker}, journal = {Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag.}, keywords = {myown}, number = 1, pages = 2103003, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Synomag®: The new high-performance tracer for magnetic particle imaging}, volume = 7, year = 2021 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2021.2103003 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin %A Grüttner, Cordula %A Kowalski, Anja %A Teller, Henrik %A Behr, Volker %D 2021 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag. %N 1 %P 2103003 %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2021.2103003 %T Synomag®: The new high-performance tracer for magnetic particle imaging %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/144 %V 7
• Spin echo formation in muscle tissue. Rotkopf, L. T.; Wehrse, E.; Kampf, T.; Vogel, P.; Schlemmer, H.-P.; Ziener, C. H. In Phys. Rev. E, 104(3), p. 034419. American Physical Society, 2021.
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  @article{PhysRevE.104.034419, author = {Rotkopf, L. T. and Wehrse, E. and Kampf, T. and Vogel, P. and Schlemmer, H.-P. and Ziener, C. H.}, journal = {Phys. Rev. E}, keywords = {myown}, month = {sep}, number = 3, pages = {034419}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {Spin echo formation in muscle tissue}, volume = 104, year = 2021 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 PhysRevE.104.034419 %A Rotkopf, L. T. %A Wehrse, E. %A Kampf, T. %A Vogel, P. %A Schlemmer, H.-P. %A Ziener, C. H. %D 2021 %I American Physical Society %J Phys. Rev. E %N 3 %P 034419 %R 10.1103/PhysRevE.104.034419 %T Spin echo formation in muscle tissue %U https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.104.034419 %V 104
• Near real-time magnetic particle imaging for visual assessment of vascular stenosis in a phantom model. Dietrich, Philipp; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin A.; Behr, Volker C.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Herz, Stefan. In Physica Medica, 81, pp. 210–214. Elsevier {BV}, 2021.
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  @article{Dietrich_2021, author = {Dietrich, Philipp and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin A. and Behr, Volker C. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Herz, Stefan}, journal = {Physica Medica}, keywords = {myown}, month = {jan}, pages = {210–214}, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, title = {Near real-time magnetic particle imaging for visual assessment of vascular stenosis in a phantom model}, volume = 81, year = 2021 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Dietrich_2021 %A Dietrich, Philipp %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Behr, Volker C. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Herz, Stefan %D 2021 %I Elsevier {BV} %J Physica Medica %P 210--214 %R 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.12.020 %T Near real-time magnetic particle imaging for visual assessment of vascular stenosis in a phantom model %U https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ejmp.2020.12.020 %V 81
• Magnetic particle imaging for artifact-free imaging of intracranial flow diverter stents: A phantom study. Herzberg, M.; Dorn, F.; Dietrich, P.; Rückert, M.A.; Kampf, T.; Bley, T.A.; Behr, V.C.; Herz, S.; Vogel, P. In Physica Medica, 88, pp. 65–70. Elsevier {BV}, 2021.
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  @article{Herzberg_2021, author = {Herzberg, M. and Dorn, F. and Dietrich, P. and Rückert, M.A. and Kampf, T. and Bley, T.A. and Behr, V.C. and Herz, S. and Vogel, P.}, journal = {Physica Medica}, keywords = {myown}, month = {aug}, pages = {65–70}, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, title = {Magnetic particle imaging for artifact-free imaging of intracranial flow diverter stents: A phantom study}, volume = 88, year = 2021 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Herzberg_2021 %A Herzberg, M. %A Dorn, F. %A Dietrich, P. %A Rückert, M.A. %A Kampf, T. %A Bley, T.A. %A Behr, V.C. %A Herz, S. %A Vogel, P. %D 2021 %I Elsevier {BV} %J Physica Medica %P 65--70 %R 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.06.018 %T Magnetic particle imaging for artifact-free imaging of intracranial flow diverter stents: A phantom study %U https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ejmp.2021.06.018 %V 88
• Intracranial vessel wall imaging framework - Data acquisition, processing, and visualization. Guggenberger, Konstanze; Krafft, Axel J.; Ludwig, Ute; Raithel, Esther; Forman, Christoph; Meckel, Stephan; Hennig, Jürgen; Bley, Thorsten A.; Vogel, Patrick. In Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Elsevier {BV}, 2021.
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  @article{Guggenberger_2021, author = {Guggenberger, Konstanze and Krafft, Axel J. and Ludwig, Ute and Raithel, Esther and Forman, Christoph and Meckel, Stephan and Hennig, Jürgen and Bley, Thorsten A. and Vogel, Patrick}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, month = {aug}, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, title = {Intracranial vessel wall imaging framework - Data acquisition, processing, and visualization}, year = 2021 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Guggenberger_2021 %A Guggenberger, Konstanze %A Krafft, Axel J. %A Ludwig, Ute %A Raithel, Esther %A Forman, Christoph %A Meckel, Stephan %A Hennig, Jürgen %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Vogel, Patrick %D 2021 %I Elsevier {BV} %J Magnetic Resonance Imaging %R 10.1016/j.mri.2021.08.004 %T Intracranial vessel wall imaging framework - Data acquisition, processing, and visualization %U https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.mri.2021.08.004

• Superspeed Bolus Visualization for Vascular Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin A.; Kampf, Thomas; Herz, Stefan; Stang, Anton; Wöckel, Lukas; Bley, Thorsten A.; Dutz, Silvio; Behr, Volker C. In IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 39(6), pp. 2133–9. 2020.
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  Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a fast imaging technique to visualize the distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). For spatial encoding, a field free area is moved rapidly through the field of view (FOV) generating localized signal. Fast moving samples, e.g., a bolus of SPIONs traveling through the large veins in the human body carried by blood flow with velocities in the order of ~45 cm/s, cause temporal blurring in MPI measurements using common sequences and reconstruction techniques. This hampers the evaluation of dynamics of fast moving samples. In this manuscript, a first study on fast moving samples visualized within an MPI scanner is demonstrated. By optimizing parameters for imaging and reconstruction, the dynamics of a fast moving bolus at different velocities can be visualized with high temporal resolution without blurring artifacts.

  @article{Vogel_2020_1, abstract = {Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a fast imaging technique to visualize the distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). For spatial encoding, a field free area is moved rapidly through the field of view (FOV) generating localized signal. Fast moving samples, e.g., a bolus of SPIONs traveling through the large veins in the human body carried by blood flow with velocities in the order of  45 cm/s, cause temporal blurring in MPI measurements using common sequences and reconstruction techniques. This hampers the evaluation of dynamics of fast moving samples. In this manuscript, a first study on fast moving samples visualized within an MPI scanner is demonstrated. By optimizing parameters for imaging and reconstruction, the dynamics of a fast moving bolus at different velocities can be visualized with high temporal resolution without blurring artifacts.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin A. and Kampf, Thomas and Herz, Stefan and Stang, Anton and Wöckel, Lukas and Bley, Thorsten A. and Dutz, Silvio and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, number = 6, pages = {2133-9}, title = {Superspeed Bolus Visualization for Vascular Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 39, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Vogel_2020_1 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Kampf, Thomas %A Herz, Stefan %A Stang, Anton %A Wöckel, Lukas %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Dutz, Silvio %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2020 %J IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging %N 6 %P 2133-9 %R 10.1109/TMI.2020.2965724 %T Superspeed Bolus Visualization for Vascular Magnetic Particle Imaging %U https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8955934/ %V 39 %X Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a fast imaging technique to visualize the distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). For spatial encoding, a field free area is moved rapidly through the field of view (FOV) generating localized signal. Fast moving samples, e.g., a bolus of SPIONs traveling through the large veins in the human body carried by blood flow with velocities in the order of ~45 cm/s, cause temporal blurring in MPI measurements using common sequences and reconstruction techniques. This hampers the evaluation of dynamics of fast moving samples. In this manuscript, a first study on fast moving samples visualized within an MPI scanner is demonstrated. By optimizing parameters for imaging and reconstruction, the dynamics of a fast moving bolus at different velocities can be visualized with high temporal resolution without blurring artifacts.
• Parallel magnetic particle imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Herz, Stefan; Rückert, Martin A.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Behr, Volker C. In Review of Scientific Instruments, 91(4), p. 045117-. American Institute of Physics, 2020.
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  Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tomographic method to visualize the distribution of superparamagnetic materials in three-dimensions. For encoding, a strong gradient represented by a ...

  @article{vogel2020parallel, abstract = {Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tomographic method to visualize the distribution of superparamagnetic materials in three-dimensions. For encoding, a strong gradient represented by a ...}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Herz, Stefan and Rückert, Martin A. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Behr, Volker C.}, booktitle = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, keywords = {myown}, month = {apr}, number = 4, pages = {045117–}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, title = {Parallel magnetic particle imaging}, volume = 91, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel2020parallel %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Herz, Stefan %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Behr, Volker C. %B Review of Scientific Instruments %D 2020 %I American Institute of Physics %J Review of Scientific Instruments %N 4 %P 045117-- %R 10.1063/1.5126108 %T Parallel magnetic particle imaging %U https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5126108 %V 91 %X Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tomographic method to visualize the distribution of superparamagnetic materials in three-dimensions. For encoding, a strong gradient represented by a ...
• Novel Fabrication Method for Nested Saddle-Coils. Vogel, P.; Kampf, T.; Rückert, M. A.; Behr, V. C. In IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 56(9), p. 5300306. 2020.
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  The generation and measurement of static and time-varying magnetic fields using electromagnetic coils is a common method in various fields. Multiple applications require special geometries, e.g., complex structures on curved surfaces. The fabrication of such complex saddle-coils on curved surfaces without special equipment is challenging and requires time-consuming techniques and lot of experience to produce coils with high accuracy. The novel approach uses dedicated slits in a tubular structure to guide and self-fixate the windings of the desired coil structure and allows a fast and easy fabrication with high accuracy and without special skills. In this manuscript, an introduction into the basic idea is given followed by a generalization for arbitrary nested saddle-coil structures. Finally, a first 3D printed prototype is presented.

  @article{9133445, abstract = {The generation and measurement of static and time-varying magnetic fields using electromagnetic coils is a common method in various fields. Multiple applications require special geometries, e.g., complex structures on curved surfaces. The fabrication of such complex saddle-coils on curved surfaces without special equipment is challenging and requires time-consuming techniques and lot of experience to produce coils with high accuracy. The novel approach uses dedicated slits in a tubular structure to guide and self-fixate the windings of the desired coil structure and allows a fast and easy fabrication with high accuracy and without special skills. In this manuscript, an introduction into the basic idea is given followed by a generalization for arbitrary nested saddle-coil structures. Finally, a first 3D printed prototype is presented.}, author = {Vogel, P. and Kampf, T. and Rückert, M. A. and Behr, V. C.}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Magnetics}, keywords = {myown}, number = 9, pages = 5300306, title = {Novel Fabrication Method for Nested Saddle-Coils}, volume = 56, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 9133445 %A Vogel, P. %A Kampf, T. %A Rückert, M. A. %A Behr, V. C. %D 2020 %J IEEE Transactions on Magnetics %N 9 %P 5300306 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2020.3007358 %T Novel Fabrication Method for Nested Saddle-Coils %U https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9133445/ %V 56 %X The generation and measurement of static and time-varying magnetic fields using electromagnetic coils is a common method in various fields. Multiple applications require special geometries, e.g., complex structures on curved surfaces. The fabrication of such complex saddle-coils on curved surfaces without special equipment is challenging and requires time-consuming techniques and lot of experience to produce coils with high accuracy. The novel approach uses dedicated slits in a tubular structure to guide and self-fixate the windings of the desired coil structure and allows a fast and easy fabrication with high accuracy and without special skills. In this manuscript, an introduction into the basic idea is given followed by a generalization for arbitrary nested saddle-coil structures. Finally, a first 3D printed prototype is presented.
• Evaluation of spatio-temporal resolution of MPI scanners with a dynamic bolus phantom. Dutz, Silvio; Stang, Anton; Wöckel, Lucas; Kosch, Olaf; Vogel, Patrick; Grüttner, Cordula; Behr, Volker C.; Wiekhorst, Frank. In International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, p. Vol 6 No 2 Suppl. 1 (2020). International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, 2020.
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2020.2009011, author = {Dutz, Silvio and Stang, Anton and Wöckel, Lucas and Kosch, Olaf and Vogel, Patrick and Grüttner, Cordula and Behr, Volker C. and Wiekhorst, Frank}, journal = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {Vol 6 No 2 Suppl. 1 (2020)}, publisher = {International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging}, title = {Evaluation of spatio-temporal resolution of MPI scanners with a dynamic bolus phantom}, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 https://doi.org/10.18416/ijmpi.2020.2009011 %A Dutz, Silvio %A Stang, Anton %A Wöckel, Lucas %A Kosch, Olaf %A Vogel, Patrick %A Grüttner, Cordula %A Behr, Volker C. %A Wiekhorst, Frank %D 2020 %I International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %J International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging %P Vol 6 No 2 Suppl. 1 (2020) %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2020.2009011 %T Evaluation of spatio-temporal resolution of MPI scanners with a dynamic bolus phantom %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/311
• Crosslinked coating improves signal-to-noise ratio of iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic particle imaging (MPI). Horvat, Sonja; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Brandl, Andreas; Alshamsan, Aws; Alhadlaq, Hisham; Ahamed, Maqusood; Albrecht, Krystyna; Behr, Volker; Beilhack, Andreas; Groll, Jürgen. In ChemNanoMat, 6, pp. 755–8. Wiley, 2020.
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  @article{Horvat_2020, author = {Horvat, Sonja and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Brandl, Andreas and Alshamsan, Aws and Alhadlaq, Hisham and Ahamed, Maqusood and Albrecht, Krystyna and Behr, Volker and Beilhack, Andreas and Groll, Jürgen}, journal = {ChemNanoMat}, keywords = {myown}, month = {feb}, pages = {755-8}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {Crosslinked coating improves signal-to-noise ratio of iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic particle imaging (MPI)}, volume = 6, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Horvat_2020 %A Horvat, Sonja %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Brandl, Andreas %A Alshamsan, Aws %A Alhadlaq, Hisham %A Ahamed, Maqusood %A Albrecht, Krystyna %A Behr, Volker %A Beilhack, Andreas %A Groll, Jürgen %D 2020 %I Wiley %J ChemNanoMat %P 755-8 %R 10.1002/cnma.202000009 %T Crosslinked coating improves signal-to-noise ratio of iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) %U https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcnma.202000009 %V 6
• Adjustable Hardware Lens for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Herz, Stefan; Rückert, Martin A.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Behr, Volker C. In IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 56(11), p. 5300306. 2020.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tomographic technique for fast and sensitive visualization of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Different types of MPI scanners have been presented in the past providing 2D as well as 3D data with different sizes of the field of view (FOV). With increasing FOVs, often the spatial resolution decreases. Traveling Wave MPI scanners provide the possibility to visualize the entire available FOV within the scanner at once with a good spatial resolution and a high temporal resolution. However, a more selective imaging process, such as scanning specific areas within the sample collecting more information, is of high interest. This can be performed by adjusting the sequences for signal acquisition, e.g., by modulation of the amplitude, to actively suppress signal generation in specific areas. Unfortunately, this method requires adaptation of the hardware. In this manuscript a novel approach for imaging specific areas within the FOV of a Traveling Wave MPI scanner is presented without specific hardware modifications. Furthermore, this technique offers the possibility to increase the resolution by up to 40 %, which reveals more details in this area, similar to a magnification effect.

  @article{9195440, abstract = {Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tomographic technique for fast and sensitive visualization of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Different types of MPI scanners have been presented in the past providing 2D as well as 3D data with different sizes of the field of view (FOV). With increasing FOVs, often the spatial resolution decreases. Traveling Wave MPI scanners provide the possibility to visualize the entire available FOV within the scanner at once with a good spatial resolution and a high temporal resolution. However, a more selective imaging process, such as scanning specific areas within the sample collecting more information, is of high interest. This can be performed by adjusting the sequences for signal acquisition, e.g., by modulation of the amplitude, to actively suppress signal generation in specific areas. Unfortunately, this method requires adaptation of the hardware. In this manuscript a novel approach for imaging specific areas within the FOV of a Traveling Wave MPI scanner is presented without specific hardware modifications. Furthermore, this technique offers the possibility to increase the resolution by up to 40 %, which reveals more details in this area, similar to a magnification effect.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Herz, Stefan and Rückert, Martin A. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Magnetics}, keywords = {myown}, number = 11, pages = 5300306, title = {Adjustable Hardware Lens for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 56, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 9195440 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Herz, Stefan %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2020 %J IEEE Transactions on Magnetics %N 11 %P 5300306 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2020.3023686 %T Adjustable Hardware Lens for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging %U https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9195440/ %V 56 %X Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tomographic technique for fast and sensitive visualization of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Different types of MPI scanners have been presented in the past providing 2D as well as 3D data with different sizes of the field of view (FOV). With increasing FOVs, often the spatial resolution decreases. Traveling Wave MPI scanners provide the possibility to visualize the entire available FOV within the scanner at once with a good spatial resolution and a high temporal resolution. However, a more selective imaging process, such as scanning specific areas within the sample collecting more information, is of high interest. This can be performed by adjusting the sequences for signal acquisition, e.g., by modulation of the amplitude, to actively suppress signal generation in specific areas. Unfortunately, this method requires adaptation of the hardware. In this manuscript a novel approach for imaging specific areas within the FOV of a Traveling Wave MPI scanner is presented without specific hardware modifications. Furthermore, this technique offers the possibility to increase the resolution by up to 40 %, which reveals more details in this area, similar to a magnification effect.
• A dynamic bolus phantom for the evaluation of the spatio-temporal resolution of MPI scanners. Dutz, Silvio; Stang, Anton; Wöckel, Lucas; Kosch, Olaf; Vogel, Patrick; Behr, Volker C.; Wiekhorst, Frank. In Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 519, p. 167446. Elsevier {BV}, 2020.
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  @article{Dutz_2020, author = {Dutz, Silvio and Stang, Anton and Wöckel, Lucas and Kosch, Olaf and Vogel, Patrick and Behr, Volker C. and Wiekhorst, Frank}, journal = {Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials}, keywords = {myown}, month = {oct}, pages = 167446, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, title = {A dynamic bolus phantom for the evaluation of the spatio-temporal resolution of MPI scanners}, volume = 519, year = 2020 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Dutz_2020 %A Dutz, Silvio %A Stang, Anton %A Wöckel, Lucas %A Kosch, Olaf %A Vogel, Patrick %A Behr, Volker C. %A Wiekhorst, Frank %D 2020 %I Elsevier {BV} %J Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials %P 167446 %R 10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.167446 %T A dynamic bolus phantom for the evaluation of the spatio-temporal resolution of MPI scanners %U https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jmmm.2020.167446 %V 519

• Micro-Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging--Sub-Millimeter Resolution With Optimized Tracer LS-008. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin A.; Kemp, S.J.; Khandhar, A.P.; Ferguson, R.M.; Herz, S.; Vilter, A.; Klauer, P.; Bley, T.A.; Krishnan, K. M.; Behr, Volker C. In IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(10), p. 5300207. 2019.
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  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel tomographic imaging method, which allows determining the distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles in three dimensions. So far, various MPI systems have been presented with each one emphasizing different scanner features such as large field of view (FOV) or high resolution. For imaging with both high resolution and a large FOV, the optimization and harmonization of hardware parameters as well as tracer material are key prerequisites. The traveling wave MPI (TWMPI) approach uses an array of electromagnets, which can provide a high magnetic field gradient for a high resolution as well as a mouse-sized FOV at the same time. In combination with the tracer LS-008, which is optimized for the MPI technique, a resolution in the sub-millimeter range can be achieved. In this paper, an optimized scanner is presented based on the TWMPI approach featuring a gradient strength up to almost 10 T/m in an FOV with a length of 45 mm providing a high resolution below 500 microns using the optimized LS-008 tracer.

  @article{8753561, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel tomographic imaging method, which allows determining the distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles in three dimensions. So far, various MPI systems have been presented with each one emphasizing different scanner features such as large field of view (FOV) or high resolution. For imaging with both high resolution and a large FOV, the optimization and harmonization of hardware parameters as well as tracer material are key prerequisites. The traveling wave MPI (TWMPI) approach uses an array of electromagnets, which can provide a high magnetic field gradient for a high resolution as well as a mouse-sized FOV at the same time. In combination with the tracer LS-008, which is optimized for the MPI technique, a resolution in the sub-millimeter range can be achieved. In this paper, an optimized scanner is presented based on the TWMPI approach featuring a gradient strength up to almost 10 T/m in an FOV with a length of 45 mm providing a high resolution below 500 microns using the optimized LS-008 tracer.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin A. and Kemp, S.J. and Khandhar, A.P. and Ferguson, R.M. and Herz, S. and Vilter, A. and Klauer, P. and Bley, T.A. and Krishnan, K. M. and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Magnetics}, keywords = {myown}, number = 10, pages = 5300207, title = {Micro-Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging–Sub-Millimeter Resolution With Optimized Tracer LS-008}, volume = 55, year = 2019 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 8753561 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Kemp, S.J. %A Khandhar, A.P. %A Ferguson, R.M. %A Herz, S. %A Vilter, A. %A Klauer, P. %A Bley, T.A. %A Krishnan, K. M. %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2019 %J IEEE Transactions on Magnetics %N 10 %P 5300207 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2019.2924198 %T Micro-Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging--Sub-Millimeter Resolution With Optimized Tracer LS-008 %U https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8753561/ %V 55 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel tomographic imaging method, which allows determining the distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles in three dimensions. So far, various MPI systems have been presented with each one emphasizing different scanner features such as large field of view (FOV) or high resolution. For imaging with both high resolution and a large FOV, the optimization and harmonization of hardware parameters as well as tracer material are key prerequisites. The traveling wave MPI (TWMPI) approach uses an array of electromagnets, which can provide a high magnetic field gradient for a high resolution as well as a mouse-sized FOV at the same time. In combination with the tracer LS-008, which is optimized for the MPI technique, a resolution in the sub-millimeter range can be achieved. In this paper, an optimized scanner is presented based on the TWMPI approach featuring a gradient strength up to almost 10 T/m in an FOV with a length of 45 mm providing a high resolution below 500 microns using the optimized LS-008 tracer.
• Magnetic Particle Imaging meets Computed Tomography: first simultaneous imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Markert, Jonathan; Rückert, Martin A.; Herz, Stefan; Keßler, Benedikt; Dremel, Kilian; Althoff, Daniel; Weber, Matthias; Buzug, Thorsten M.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Kullmann, Walter H.; Hanke, Randolf; Zabler, Simon; Behr, Volker C. In Scientific Reports, 9(1). Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}, 2019.
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  @article{Vogel_2019, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Markert, Jonathan and Rückert, Martin A. and Herz, Stefan and Keßler, Benedikt and Dremel, Kilian and Althoff, Daniel and Weber, Matthias and Buzug, Thorsten M. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Kullmann, Walter H. and Hanke, Randolf and Zabler, Simon and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, keywords = {myown}, month = {sep}, number = 1, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}}, title = {Magnetic Particle Imaging meets Computed Tomography: first simultaneous imaging}, volume = 9, year = 2019 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Vogel_2019 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Markert, Jonathan %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Herz, Stefan %A Keßler, Benedikt %A Dremel, Kilian %A Althoff, Daniel %A Weber, Matthias %A Buzug, Thorsten M. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Kullmann, Walter H. %A Hanke, Randolf %A Zabler, Simon %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2019 %I Springer Science and Business Media {LLC} %J Scientific Reports %N 1 %R 10.1038/s41598-019-48960-1 %T Magnetic Particle Imaging meets Computed Tomography: first simultaneous imaging %U https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-019-48960-1 %V 9
• Magnetic Particle Imaging - Guided Stenting. Herz, Stefan; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Dietrich, Philipp; Veldhoen, Simon; Rückert, Martin A.; Kickuth, Ralph; Behr, Volker C.; Bley, Thorsten A. In Journal of Endovascular Therapy, 26(4), pp. 512–519. {SAGE} Publications, 2019.
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  @article{Herz_2019, author = {Herz, Stefan and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Dietrich, Philipp and Veldhoen, Simon and Rückert, Martin A. and Kickuth, Ralph and Behr, Volker C. and Bley, Thorsten A.}, journal = {Journal of Endovascular Therapy}, keywords = {myown}, month = {may}, number = 4, pages = {512-519}, publisher = {{SAGE} Publications}, title = {Magnetic Particle Imaging - Guided Stenting}, volume = 26, year = 2019 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Herz_2019 %A Herz, Stefan %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Dietrich, Philipp %A Veldhoen, Simon %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Kickuth, Ralph %A Behr, Volker C. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %D 2019 %I {SAGE} Publications %J Journal of Endovascular Therapy %N 4 %P 512-519 %R 10.1177/1526602819851202 %T Magnetic Particle Imaging - Guided Stenting %U https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1526602819851202 %V 26
• High-resolution Compressed-sensing T1 Black-blood MRI. Guggenberger, Konstanze; Krafft, Axel Joachim; Ludwig, Ute; Vogel, Patrick; Elsheik, Samer; Raithel, Esther; Forman, Christoph; Dovi-Aku{\’e}, Philippe; Urbach, Horst; Bley, Thorsten; Meckel, Stephan. In Clinical Neuroradiology, 1(1), p. 1. 2019.
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  In vasculopathies of the central nervous system, reliable and timely diagnosis is important against the background of significant morbidity and sequelae in cases of incorrect diagnosis or delayed treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a major role in the detection and monitoring of intracranial and extracranial vascular pathologies of different etiologies, in particular for evaluation of the vessel wall in addition to luminal information, thus allowing differentiation between various vasculopathies. Compressed-sensing black-blood MRI combines high image quality with relatively short acquisition time and offers promising potential in the context of neurovascular vessel wall imaging in clinical routine. This case review gives an overview of its application in the diagnosis of various intracranial and extracranial entities.

  @article{guggenberger_2019, abstract = {In vasculopathies of the central nervous system, reliable and timely diagnosis is important against the background of significant morbidity and sequelae in cases of incorrect diagnosis or delayed treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a major role in the detection and monitoring of intracranial and extracranial vascular pathologies of different etiologies, in particular for evaluation of the vessel wall in addition to luminal information, thus allowing differentiation between various vasculopathies. Compressed-sensing black-blood MRI combines high image quality with relatively short acquisition time and offers promising potential in the context of neurovascular vessel wall imaging in clinical routine. This case review gives an overview of its application in the diagnosis of various intracranial and extracranial entities.}, author = {Guggenberger, Konstanze and Krafft, Axel Joachim and Ludwig, Ute and Vogel, Patrick and Elsheik, Samer and Raithel, Esther and Forman, Christoph and Dovi-Aku{\'e}, Philippe and Urbach, Horst and Bley, Thorsten and Meckel, Stephan}, journal = {Clinical Neuroradiology}, keywords = {myown}, month = {dec}, number = 1, pages = 1, title = {High-resolution Compressed-sensing T1 Black-blood MRI}, volume = 1, year = 2019 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 guggenberger_2019 %A Guggenberger, Konstanze %A Krafft, Axel Joachim %A Ludwig, Ute %A Vogel, Patrick %A Elsheik, Samer %A Raithel, Esther %A Forman, Christoph %A Dovi-Aku{\'e}, Philippe %A Urbach, Horst %A Bley, Thorsten %A Meckel, Stephan %D 2019 %J Clinical Neuroradiology %N 1 %P 1 %R 10.1007/s00062-019-00867-0 %T High-resolution Compressed-sensing T1 Black-blood MRI %U https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-019-00867-0 %V 1 %X In vasculopathies of the central nervous system, reliable and timely diagnosis is important against the background of significant morbidity and sequelae in cases of incorrect diagnosis or delayed treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a major role in the detection and monitoring of intracranial and extracranial vascular pathologies of different etiologies, in particular for evaluation of the vessel wall in addition to luminal information, thus allowing differentiation between various vasculopathies. Compressed-sensing black-blood MRI combines high image quality with relatively short acquisition time and offers promising potential in the context of neurovascular vessel wall imaging in clinical routine. This case review gives an overview of its application in the diagnosis of various intracranial and extracranial entities.
• Dependence of the frequency distribution around a vessel on the voxel orientation. Buschle, L.R.; Kampf, T.; Kurz, F.T.; Vogel, P.; Piekarek, F.; Sturm, V.J.F.; Pham, M.; Schlemmer, H.-P.; Ziener, C.H. In Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 57, pp. 259–270. Elsevier {BV}, 2019.
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  @article{Buschle_2019, author = {Buschle, L.R. and Kampf, T. and Kurz, F.T. and Vogel, P. and Piekarek, F. and Sturm, V.J.F. and Pham, M. and Schlemmer, H.-P. and Ziener, C.H.}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, keywords = {myown}, month = {apr}, pages = {259–270}, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, title = {Dependence of the frequency distribution around a vessel on the voxel orientation}, volume = 57, year = 2019 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Buschle_2019 %A Buschle, L.R. %A Kampf, T. %A Kurz, F.T. %A Vogel, P. %A Piekarek, F. %A Sturm, V.J.F. %A Pham, M. %A Schlemmer, H.-P. %A Ziener, C.H. %D 2019 %I Elsevier {BV} %J Magnetic Resonance Imaging %P 259--270 %R 10.1016/j.mri.2018.09.012 %T Dependence of the frequency distribution around a vessel on the voxel orientation %U https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.mri.2018.09.012 %V 57

• Novel Field Geometry Using Two Halbach Cylinders for FFL-MPI. Weber, Matthias; Beuke, Jonas; von Gladiss, Anselm; Gräfe, Ksenija; Vogel, Patrick; Behr, Volker C.; Buzug, Thorsten M. In Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag., 4(1), p. 1811004. 2018.
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  Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) offers several methods for encoding magnetic materials in three-dimensions. The complexity of the imaging device in MPI using a field free line (FFL) is the biggest challenge in realizing such devices. This is especially the case for systems featuring large bores, high gradients or high temporal resolution. In this work, we suggest a novel Halbach cylinder based field generator that is able to generate an FFL with a gradient of 5 T/m. By rotating the Halbach array, FFL projections can be acquired. Furthermore, just one static drive field coil is needed for two-dimensional imaging. The presented concept could combine high gradient strength and high temporal resolution with minimum space requirements for FFL-MPI imaging in the future. Int. J. Mag. Part. Imag. 4(2), 2018, Article ID: 1811004, DOI: 10.18416/IJMPI.2018.1811004

  @article{weber20182016novel, abstract = {Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) offers several methods for encoding magnetic materials in three-dimensions. The complexity of the imaging device in MPI using a field free line (FFL) is the biggest challenge in realizing such devices. This is especially the case for systems featuring large bores, high gradients or high temporal resolution. In this work, we suggest a novel Halbach cylinder based field generator that is able to generate an FFL with a gradient of 5 T/m. By rotating the Halbach array, FFL projections can be acquired. Furthermore, just one static drive field coil is needed for two-dimensional imaging. The presented concept could combine high gradient strength and high temporal resolution with minimum space requirements for FFL-MPI imaging in the future. Int. J. Mag. Part. Imag. 4(2), 2018, Article ID: 1811004, DOI: 10.18416/IJMPI.2018.1811004}, author = {Weber, Matthias and Beuke, Jonas and von Gladiss, Anselm and Gräfe, Ksenija and Vogel, Patrick and Behr, Volker C. and Buzug, Thorsten M.}, journal = {Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag.}, keywords = {myown}, number = 1, pages = 1811004, title = {Novel Field Geometry Using Two Halbach Cylinders for FFL-MPI}, type = {Text.Serial.Journal}, volume = 4, year = 2018 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 weber20182016novel %A Weber, Matthias %A Beuke, Jonas %A von Gladiss, Anselm %A Gräfe, Ksenija %A Vogel, Patrick %A Behr, Volker C. %A Buzug, Thorsten M. %D 2018 %J Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag. %N 1 %P 1811004 %R 10.18416/IJMPI.2018.1811004 %T Novel Field Geometry Using Two Halbach Cylinders for FFL-MPI %U https://journal.iwmpi.org/index.php/iwmpi/article/view/62 %V 4 %X Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) offers several methods for encoding magnetic materials in three-dimensions. The complexity of the imaging device in MPI using a field free line (FFL) is the biggest challenge in realizing such devices. This is especially the case for systems featuring large bores, high gradients or high temporal resolution. In this work, we suggest a novel Halbach cylinder based field generator that is able to generate an FFL with a gradient of 5 T/m. By rotating the Halbach array, FFL projections can be acquired. Furthermore, just one static drive field coil is needed for two-dimensional imaging. The presented concept could combine high gradient strength and high temporal resolution with minimum space requirements for FFL-MPI imaging in the future. Int. J. Mag. Part. Imag. 4(2), 2018, Article ID: 1811004, DOI: 10.18416/IJMPI.2018.1811004
• MDF: Magnetic Particle Imaging Data Format. Knopp, Tobias; Viereck, Thilo; Bringout, Gael; Ahlborg, Mandy; von Gladiss, Anselm; Kaethner, Christian; Neumann, Alexander; Vogel, Patrick; Rahmer, Jürgen; Möddel, Martin. In arXiv, 1602.06072v6. 2018.
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  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tomographic method to determine the spatio-temporal distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. In this document, a file format for the standardized storage of MPI and magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) data is introduced. The aim of the Magnetic Particle Imaging Data Format (MDF) is to provide a coherent way of exchanging MPI and MPS data acquired with different devices worldwide. The focus of the MDF is on sequence parameters, measurement data, calibration data, and reconstruction data. The format is based on the hierarchical document format in version 5 (HDF5). This document discusses the MDF version 2.0.0, which is not backward compatible with version 1.x.y.

  @article{knopp_2018, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tomographic method to determine the spatio-temporal distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. In this document, a file format for the standardized storage of MPI and magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) data is introduced. The aim of the Magnetic Particle Imaging Data Format (MDF) is to provide a coherent way of exchanging MPI and MPS data acquired with different devices worldwide. The focus of the MDF is on sequence parameters, measurement data, calibration data, and reconstruction data. The format is based on the hierarchical document format in version 5 (HDF5). This document discusses the MDF version 2.0.0, which is not backward compatible with version 1.x.y.}, author = {Knopp, Tobias and Viereck, Thilo and Bringout, Gael and Ahlborg, Mandy and von Gladiss, Anselm and Kaethner, Christian and Neumann, Alexander and Vogel, Patrick and Rahmer, Jürgen and Möddel, Martin}, journal = {arXiv}, keywords = {mpi}, title = {MDF: Magnetic Particle Imaging Data Format}, volume = {1602.06072v6}, year = 2018 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 knopp_2018 %A Knopp, Tobias %A Viereck, Thilo %A Bringout, Gael %A Ahlborg, Mandy %A von Gladiss, Anselm %A Kaethner, Christian %A Neumann, Alexander %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rahmer, Jürgen %A Möddel, Martin %D 2018 %J arXiv %T MDF: Magnetic Particle Imaging Data Format %U https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.06072 %V 1602.06072v6 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tomographic method to determine the spatio-temporal distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. In this document, a file format for the standardized storage of MPI and magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) data is introduced. The aim of the Magnetic Particle Imaging Data Format (MDF) is to provide a coherent way of exchanging MPI and MPS data acquired with different devices worldwide. The focus of the MDF is on sequence parameters, measurement data, calibration data, and reconstruction data. The format is based on the hierarchical document format in version 5 (HDF5). This document discusses the MDF version 2.0.0, which is not backward compatible with version 1.x.y.
• Magnetic Particle Imaging Guided Real-Time Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in a Phantom Model. Herz, Stefan; Vogel, Patrick; Dietrich, Philipp; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin A.; Kickuth, Ralph; Behr, Volker C.; Bley, Thorsten A. In Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 41(7), pp. 1100–1105. 2018.
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  Purpose To investigate the potential of real-time magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to guide percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of vascular stenoses in a phantom model. Materials and Methods Experiments were conducted on a custom-built MPI scanner. Vascular stenosis phantoms consisted of polyvinyl chloride tubes (inner diameter 8 mm) prepared with a centrally aligned cable tie to form * 50% stenoses. MPI angiography for visualization of stenoses was performed using the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-based contrast agent Ferucarbotran (10 mmol (Fe)/l). Balloon catheters and guidewires for PTA were visualized using custom-made lacquer markers based on Ferucarbotran. Stenosis dilation (n = 3) was performed by manually inflating the PTA balloon with diluted Ferucarbotran. An online reconstruction framework was implemented for real-time imaging with very short latency time. Results Visualization of stenosis phantoms and guidance of interventional instruments in real-time (4 frames/ s, * 100 ms latency time) was possible using an online reconstruction algorithm. Labeling of guidewires and balloon catheters allowed for precise visualization of instrument positions. Conclusion Real-time MPI-guided PTA in a phantom model is feasible.

  @article{Herz_2018, abstract = {Purpose To investigate the potential of real-time magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to guide percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of vascular stenoses in a phantom model. Materials and Methods Experiments were conducted on a custom-built MPI scanner. Vascular stenosis phantoms consisted of polyvinyl chloride tubes (inner diameter 8 mm) prepared with a centrally aligned cable tie to form * 50% stenoses. MPI angiography for visualization of stenoses was performed using the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-based contrast agent Ferucarbotran (10 mmol (Fe)/l). Balloon catheters and guidewires for PTA were visualized using custom-made lacquer markers based on Ferucarbotran. Stenosis dilation (n = 3) was performed by manually inflating the PTA balloon with diluted Ferucarbotran. An online reconstruction framework was implemented for real-time imaging with very short latency time. Results Visualization of stenosis phantoms and guidance of interventional instruments in real-time (4 frames/ s, * 100 ms latency time) was possible using an online reconstruction algorithm. Labeling of guidewires and balloon catheters allowed for precise visualization of instrument positions. Conclusion Real-time MPI-guided PTA in a phantom model is feasible.}, author = {Herz, Stefan and Vogel, Patrick and Dietrich, Philipp and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin A. and Kickuth, Ralph and Behr, Volker C. and Bley, Thorsten A.}, journal = {Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol}, keywords = {myown}, month = {april}, number = 7, pages = {1100-1105}, title = {Magnetic Particle Imaging Guided Real-Time Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in a Phantom Model}, type = {Publication}, volume = 41, year = 2018 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Herz_2018 %A Herz, Stefan %A Vogel, Patrick %A Dietrich, Philipp %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Kickuth, Ralph %A Behr, Volker C. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %D 2018 %J Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol %N 7 %P 1100-1105 %R 10.1007/s00270-018-1955-7 %T Magnetic Particle Imaging Guided Real-Time Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in a Phantom Model %V 41 %X Purpose To investigate the potential of real-time magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to guide percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of vascular stenoses in a phantom model. Materials and Methods Experiments were conducted on a custom-built MPI scanner. Vascular stenosis phantoms consisted of polyvinyl chloride tubes (inner diameter 8 mm) prepared with a centrally aligned cable tie to form * 50% stenoses. MPI angiography for visualization of stenoses was performed using the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-based contrast agent Ferucarbotran (10 mmol (Fe)/l). Balloon catheters and guidewires for PTA were visualized using custom-made lacquer markers based on Ferucarbotran. Stenosis dilation (n = 3) was performed by manually inflating the PTA balloon with diluted Ferucarbotran. An online reconstruction framework was implemented for real-time imaging with very short latency time. Results Visualization of stenosis phantoms and guidance of interventional instruments in real-time (4 frames/ s, * 100 ms latency time) was possible using an online reconstruction algorithm. Labeling of guidewires and balloon catheters allowed for precise visualization of instrument positions. Conclusion Real-time MPI-guided PTA in a phantom model is feasible.
• Magnetic Particle Imaging for Quantification of Vascular Stenoses: A Phantom Study. Herz, Stefan; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin A.; Veldhoen, Simon; Behr, Volker C.; Bley, Thorsten A. In IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., 37(1), pp. 61–67. 2018.
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  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a promising new tomographic imaging method to detect the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs). The aim of this paper was to investigate the potential of MPI to quantify artificial stenoses in vessel phantoms. Custom-made stenosis phantoms (length 40 mm; inner diameter 8 mm) with different degrees of stenosis (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were scanned in a custom-built MPI scanner (in-plane resolution: ~1–1.5 mm and field of view: 65 × 29 × 29 mm3). Phantoms were filled with diluted Feru-carbotran [SPIO agent, 5 mmol (Fe)/l]. Each measurement (overall acquisition time: 20 ms per image, 400 averages) was repeated ten times to assess reproducibility. The MPI signal was used for semi-automatic stenosis quantification. Two stenosis evaluation approaches were compared based on the signal intensity profile alongside the stenosis phantoms. Using a novel multi-step image evaluation approach, MPI allowed for accurate quantification of different stenosis grades. While low grade stenoses were slightly over-estimated, high grade stenoses were slightly underestimated. In particular, the 0%, 25%, and 50% stenosis phantoms revealed a 6.2% ± 0.8, 25.7% ± 1.0, and 48.0% ± 1.5 stenosis, respectively. The higher grade 75% stenosis phantom revealed a 73.3% ± 2.8 and the 100% stenosis phantom a 95.8% ± 1.9 stenosis. MPI accurately visualized and quantified different stenosis grades in vessel phantoms with high reproducibility demonstrating its great potential for fast and radiation-free preclinical cardiovascular imaging.

  @article{herz2018magnetic, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a promising new tomographic imaging method to detect the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs). The aim of this paper was to investigate the potential of MPI to quantify artificial stenoses in vessel phantoms. Custom-made stenosis phantoms (length 40 mm; inner diameter 8 mm) with different degrees of stenosis (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were scanned in a custom-built MPI scanner (in-plane resolution:  1–1.5 mm and field of view: 65 × 29 × 29 mm3). Phantoms were filled with diluted Feru-carbotran [SPIO agent, 5 mmol (Fe)/l]. Each measurement (overall acquisition time: 20 ms per image, 400 averages) was repeated ten times to assess reproducibility. The MPI signal was used for semi-automatic stenosis quantification. Two stenosis evaluation approaches were compared based on the signal intensity profile alongside the stenosis phantoms. Using a novel multi-step image evaluation approach, MPI allowed for accurate quantification of different stenosis grades. While low grade stenoses were slightly over-estimated, high grade stenoses were slightly underestimated. In particular, the 0%, 25%, and 50% stenosis phantoms revealed a 6.2% ± 0.8, 25.7% ± 1.0, and 48.0% ± 1.5 stenosis, respectively. The higher grade 75% stenosis phantom revealed a 73.3% ± 2.8 and the 100% stenosis phantom a 95.8% ± 1.9 stenosis. MPI accurately visualized and quantified different stenosis grades in vessel phantoms with high reproducibility demonstrating its great potential for fast and radiation-free preclinical cardiovascular imaging.}, author = {Herz, Stefan and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin A. and Veldhoen, Simon and Behr, Volker C. and Bley, Thorsten A.}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Med. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 1, number = 1, pages = {61-67}, title = {Magnetic Particle Imaging for Quantification of Vascular Stenoses: A Phantom Study}, volume = 37, year = 2018 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 herz2018magnetic %A Herz, Stefan %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Veldhoen, Simon %A Behr, Volker C. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %D 2018 %J IEEE Trans. Med. Imag. %N 1 %P 61-67 %R 10.1109/TMI.2017.2717958 %T Magnetic Particle Imaging for Quantification of Vascular Stenoses: A Phantom Study %V 37 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a promising new tomographic imaging method to detect the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs). The aim of this paper was to investigate the potential of MPI to quantify artificial stenoses in vessel phantoms. Custom-made stenosis phantoms (length 40 mm; inner diameter 8 mm) with different degrees of stenosis (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were scanned in a custom-built MPI scanner (in-plane resolution: ~1–1.5 mm and field of view: 65 × 29 × 29 mm3). Phantoms were filled with diluted Feru-carbotran [SPIO agent, 5 mmol (Fe)/l]. Each measurement (overall acquisition time: 20 ms per image, 400 averages) was repeated ten times to assess reproducibility. The MPI signal was used for semi-automatic stenosis quantification. Two stenosis evaluation approaches were compared based on the signal intensity profile alongside the stenosis phantoms. Using a novel multi-step image evaluation approach, MPI allowed for accurate quantification of different stenosis grades. While low grade stenoses were slightly over-estimated, high grade stenoses were slightly underestimated. In particular, the 0%, 25%, and 50% stenosis phantoms revealed a 6.2% ± 0.8, 25.7% ± 1.0, and 48.0% ± 1.5 stenosis, respectively. The higher grade 75% stenosis phantom revealed a 73.3% ± 2.8 and the 100% stenosis phantom a 95.8% ± 1.9 stenosis. MPI accurately visualized and quantified different stenosis grades in vessel phantoms with high reproducibility demonstrating its great potential for fast and radiation-free preclinical cardiovascular imaging.
• Dynamic Linear Gradient Array for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Klauer, Peter; Rückert, Martin A.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Kullmann, Walter H.; Jakob, Peter M.; Behr, Volker C. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 54(2), p. 5300109. 2018.
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  • [ DOI ]
  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a young imaging modality using the nonlinear magnetization properties of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles to acquire them. It is a highly sensitive and fast method allowing both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the measured signal. Since its first publication in 2005, several different scanner types have been presented. Most of them work with permanent magnets and therefore have a small field of view. In 2014, an alternative scanner concept, the traveling wave MPI (TWMPI), was presented, which allows scanning an entire mouse-sized volume at once. In this paper, a detailed description of the main field generator, the dynamic linear gradient array (dLGA), used for TWMPI is given. This paper guides the reader to the first dLGA prototype, deriving relations between the length of the dLGA and the diameter of the segment coils.

  @article{vogel_2018, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a young imaging modality using the nonlinear magnetization properties of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles to acquire them. It is a highly sensitive and fast method allowing both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the measured signal. Since its first publication in 2005, several different scanner types have been presented. Most of them work with permanent magnets and therefore have a small field of view. In 2014, an alternative scanner concept, the traveling wave MPI (TWMPI), was presented, which allows scanning an entire mouse-sized volume at once. In this paper, a detailed description of the main field generator, the dynamic linear gradient array (dLGA), used for TWMPI is given. This paper guides the reader to the first dLGA prototype, deriving relations between the length of the dLGA and the diameter of the segment coils.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Klauer, Peter and Rückert, Martin A. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Kullmann, Walter H. and Jakob, Peter M. and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 5300109, title = {Dynamic Linear Gradient Array for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 54, year = 2018 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2018 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Klauer, Peter %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Kullmann, Walter H. %A Jakob, Peter M. %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2018 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 5300109 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2017.2764440 %T Dynamic Linear Gradient Array for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging %V 54 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a young imaging modality using the nonlinear magnetization properties of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles to acquire them. It is a highly sensitive and fast method allowing both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the measured signal. Since its first publication in 2005, several different scanner types have been presented. Most of them work with permanent magnets and therefore have a small field of view. In 2014, an alternative scanner concept, the traveling wave MPI (TWMPI), was presented, which allows scanning an entire mouse-sized volume at once. In this paper, a detailed description of the main field generator, the dynamic linear gradient array (dLGA), used for TWMPI is given. This paper guides the reader to the first dLGA prototype, deriving relations between the length of the dLGA and the diameter of the segment coils.

• Selective Signal Suppression in Traveling Wave MPI: Focusing on Areas with Low Concentration of Magnetic Particles. Herz, Stefan; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin A.; Behr, Volker C.; Bley, Thorsten A. In Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag., 3(2), p. 1709001. 2017.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Introduction: Common MPI scanners have difficulties to correctly visualize areas with a broad signal intensity spectrum due to their low signal dynamic capability. The aim of this study was to develop a selective signal suppression technique using an advanced trajectory design to circumvent this issue. Materials and Methods: Simulations where performed for a traveling wave (TW) MPI scanner. In the so called slice-scanning mode the field free points (FFPs) travel through the scanner on a sinusoidal trajectory given by the frequencies of the dynamic linear gradient array and a perpendicular saddle coil system. The signal can be selectively suppressed by locally reducing the speed of the FFPs. Series of measurements with two point samples containing different SPIO concentrations with and without selective signal suppression technique were simulated. Results: When imaging samples with two markedly different SPIO concentrations in the slice-scanning mode the signal of the lower concentration cannot be properly reconstructed. Applying the signal suppression technique to the area of the high concentration sample selectively reduces this signal and demarcates samples with lower concentrations. Conclusion: A selective signal suppression technique for TWMPI is introduced which allows to focus on low SPIO concentrations in samples with a large range of tracer concentrations. This can facilitate preclinical functional imaging in the proximity of organs with high unspecific SPIO uptake such as the liver.

  @article{Herz_2017, abstract = {Introduction: Common MPI scanners have difficulties to correctly visualize areas with a broad signal intensity spectrum due to their low signal dynamic capability. The aim of this study was to develop a selective signal suppression technique using an advanced trajectory design to circumvent this issue. Materials and Methods: Simulations where performed for a traveling wave (TW) MPI scanner. In the so called slice-scanning mode the field free points (FFPs) travel through the scanner on a sinusoidal trajectory given by the frequencies of the dynamic linear gradient array and a perpendicular saddle coil system. The signal can be selectively suppressed by locally reducing the speed of the FFPs. Series of measurements with two point samples containing different SPIO concentrations with and without selective signal suppression technique were simulated. Results: When imaging samples with two markedly different SPIO concentrations in the slice-scanning mode the signal of the lower concentration cannot be properly reconstructed. Applying the signal suppression technique to the area of the high concentration sample selectively reduces this signal and demarcates samples with lower concentrations. Conclusion: A selective signal suppression technique for TWMPI is introduced which allows to focus on low SPIO concentrations in samples with a large range of tracer concentrations. This can facilitate preclinical functional imaging in the proximity of organs with high unspecific SPIO uptake such as the liver.}, author = {Herz, Stefan and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin A. and Behr, Volker C. and Bley, Thorsten A.}, journal = {Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 9, number = 2, pages = 1709001, title = {Selective Signal Suppression in Traveling Wave MPI: Focusing on Areas with Low Concentration of Magnetic Particles}, volume = 3, year = 2017 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Herz_2017 %A Herz, Stefan %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Behr, Volker C. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %D 2017 %J Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag. %N 2 %P 1709001 %R 10.18416/ijmpi.2017.1709001 %T Selective Signal Suppression in Traveling Wave MPI: Focusing on Areas with Low Concentration of Magnetic Particles %V 3 %X Introduction: Common MPI scanners have difficulties to correctly visualize areas with a broad signal intensity spectrum due to their low signal dynamic capability. The aim of this study was to develop a selective signal suppression technique using an advanced trajectory design to circumvent this issue. Materials and Methods: Simulations where performed for a traveling wave (TW) MPI scanner. In the so called slice-scanning mode the field free points (FFPs) travel through the scanner on a sinusoidal trajectory given by the frequencies of the dynamic linear gradient array and a perpendicular saddle coil system. The signal can be selectively suppressed by locally reducing the speed of the FFPs. Series of measurements with two point samples containing different SPIO concentrations with and without selective signal suppression technique were simulated. Results: When imaging samples with two markedly different SPIO concentrations in the slice-scanning mode the signal of the lower concentration cannot be properly reconstructed. Applying the signal suppression technique to the area of the high concentration sample selectively reduces this signal and demarcates samples with lower concentrations. Conclusion: A selective signal suppression technique for TWMPI is introduced which allows to focus on low SPIO concentrations in samples with a large range of tracer concentrations. This can facilitate preclinical functional imaging in the proximity of organs with high unspecific SPIO uptake such as the liver.
• Real-time 3D Dynamic Rotating Slice-Scanning Mode for Traveling Wave MPI. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin A.; Klauer, Peter; Herz, Stefan; Kampf, Thomas; Bley, Thorsten; Behr, Volker C. In Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag., 3(2), p. 1706001. 2017.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Magnetic Particle Imaging is a tomographic imaging technique offering high sensitivity and temporal resolution and is a promising tool for pre-clinical applications. The state of the art Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging (TWMPI) scanners offer a mouse-sized FOV, which can be scanned at once. Since the first introduction of TWMPI, several sequences have been introduced to scan the FOV in 2D as well as 3D. So far, the proposed 3D sequences do not provide real-time capability, which is an important feature for future clinical applications such as guided vascular interventions. In this study a modified sequence for TWMPI scanners is presented, which allows scanning an entire 3D volume on a short time scale. Furthermore, for real-time capability a novel reconstruction method using an image-based approach is used providing a 3D visualization in real-time.

  @article{vogel_2017, abstract = {Magnetic Particle Imaging is a tomographic imaging technique offering high sensitivity and temporal resolution and is a promising tool for pre-clinical applications. The state of the art Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging (TWMPI) scanners offer a mouse-sized FOV, which can be scanned at once. Since the first introduction of TWMPI, several sequences have been introduced to scan the FOV in 2D as well as 3D. So far, the proposed 3D sequences do not provide real-time capability, which is an important feature for future clinical applications such as guided vascular interventions. In this study a modified sequence for TWMPI scanners is presented, which allows scanning an entire 3D volume on a short time scale. Furthermore, for real-time capability a novel reconstruction method using an image-based approach is used providing a 3D visualization in real-time.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin A. and Klauer, Peter and Herz, Stefan and Kampf, Thomas and Bley, Thorsten and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 6, number = 2, pages = 1706001, title = {Real-time 3D Dynamic Rotating Slice-Scanning Mode for Traveling Wave MPI}, volume = 3, year = 2017 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2017 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Klauer, Peter %A Herz, Stefan %A Kampf, Thomas %A Bley, Thorsten %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2017 %J Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag. %N 2 %P 1706001 %R 10.18416/ijmpi.2017.1706001 %T Real-time 3D Dynamic Rotating Slice-Scanning Mode for Traveling Wave MPI %V 3 %X Magnetic Particle Imaging is a tomographic imaging technique offering high sensitivity and temporal resolution and is a promising tool for pre-clinical applications. The state of the art Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging (TWMPI) scanners offer a mouse-sized FOV, which can be scanned at once. Since the first introduction of TWMPI, several sequences have been introduced to scan the FOV in 2D as well as 3D. So far, the proposed 3D sequences do not provide real-time capability, which is an important feature for future clinical applications such as guided vascular interventions. In this study a modified sequence for TWMPI scanners is presented, which allows scanning an entire 3D volume on a short time scale. Furthermore, for real-time capability a novel reconstruction method using an image-based approach is used providing a 3D visualization in real-time.
• Low Latency Real-time Reconstruction for MPI Systems. Vogel, Patrick; Herz, Stefan; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin A.; Bley, Thorsten A.; Behr, Volker C. In Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag., 3(2), p. 1707002. 2017.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  In the last decade research in the Magnetic Particle Imaging community focused mainly on hardware development as well as the optimization of reconstruction. These steps were essential for improving MPI technology and advance it to pre-clinical applications. However, another important part is the software package working behind MPI systems. This software has to be able to keep up with modern scanner features and should be able to support features such as adjustable scanning trajectories or multiple reconstruction methods. Especially a real-time reconstruction feature is important to use the full potential of the fast imaging capabilities of modern MPI scanners. This could be pivotal in applications such as guided vascular interventions. In this work, a software package is presented, which improves reconstructing MPI data with different reconstruction methods in real-time and with low latency.

  @article{Vogel_2017_2, abstract = {In the last decade research in the Magnetic Particle Imaging community focused mainly on hardware development as well as the optimization of reconstruction. These steps were essential for improving MPI technology and advance it to pre-clinical applications. However, another important part is the software package working behind MPI systems. This software has to be able to keep up with modern scanner features and should be able to support features such as adjustable scanning trajectories or multiple reconstruction methods. Especially a real-time reconstruction feature is important to use the full potential of the fast imaging capabilities of modern MPI scanners. This could be pivotal in applications such as guided vascular interventions. In this work, a software package is presented, which improves reconstructing MPI data with different reconstruction methods in real-time and with low latency.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Herz, Stefan and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin A. and Bley, Thorsten A. and Behr, Volker C.}, journal = {Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 7, number = 2, pages = 1707002, title = {Low Latency Real-time Reconstruction for MPI Systems}, volume = 3, year = 2017 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 Vogel_2017_2 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Herz, Stefan %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin A. %A Bley, Thorsten A. %A Behr, Volker C. %D 2017 %J Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag. %N 2 %P 1707002 %R 10.18416/ijmpi.2017.1707002 %T Low Latency Real-time Reconstruction for MPI Systems %V 3 %X In the last decade research in the Magnetic Particle Imaging community focused mainly on hardware development as well as the optimization of reconstruction. These steps were essential for improving MPI technology and advance it to pre-clinical applications. However, another important part is the software package working behind MPI systems. This software has to be able to keep up with modern scanner features and should be able to support features such as adjustable scanning trajectories or multiple reconstruction methods. Especially a real-time reconstruction feature is important to use the full potential of the fast imaging capabilities of modern MPI scanners. This could be pivotal in applications such as guided vascular interventions. In this work, a software package is presented, which improves reconstructing MPI data with different reconstruction methods in real-time and with low latency.

• Flexible and Dynamic Patch Reconstruction for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Behr, Volker Christian. In Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag., 2(2), p. 1611001. 2016.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Different types of scanners have been presented since the first publication of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) in 2005. As a result, there are different types of reconstruction methods available, which can be separated into two basic concepts: reconstruction using a system matrix and reconstruction using a direct deconvolution. Both methods have their merits and drawbacks. For the first approach hardware parameters like sampling rate and frequencies have to be chosen carefully to fit the parameter selection process required for the system matrix. For the other approach the temporal and spatial homogeneity of the magnetic field gradient over the entire FOV has to be high to perform an accurate reconstruction, which results in smaller FOVs. In this paper a novel reconstruction method is presented, which combines the advantages of both reconstruction methods to be more flexible during the entire reconstruction process. Furthermore, it enables the possibility of performing a dynamic patch reconstruction, which allows to select arbitrary areas of the FOV for higher resolution reducing reconstruction time significantly. In addition, this new reconstruction improved the image quality of a Traveling Wave MPI scanner substantially.

  @article{vogel_2016_2, abstract = {Different types of scanners have been presented since the first publication of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) in 2005. As a result, there are different types of reconstruction methods available, which can be separated into two basic concepts: reconstruction using a system matrix and reconstruction using a direct deconvolution. Both methods have their merits and drawbacks. For the first approach hardware parameters like sampling rate and frequencies have to be chosen carefully to fit the parameter selection process required for the system matrix. For the other approach the temporal and spatial homogeneity of the magnetic field gradient over the entire FOV has to be high to perform an accurate reconstruction, which results in smaller FOVs. In this paper a novel reconstruction method is presented, which combines the advantages of both reconstruction methods to be more flexible during the entire reconstruction process. Furthermore, it enables the possibility of performing a dynamic patch reconstruction, which allows to select arbitrary areas of the FOV for higher resolution reducing reconstruction time significantly. In addition, this new reconstruction improved the image quality of a Traveling Wave MPI scanner substantially.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 11, number = 2, pages = 1611001, title = {Flexible and Dynamic Patch Reconstruction for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 2, year = 2016 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2016_2 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2016 %J Int. J. Magn. Part. Imag. %N 2 %P 1611001 %R 10.18416/ijmpi.2016.1611001 %T Flexible and Dynamic Patch Reconstruction for Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging %V 2 %X Different types of scanners have been presented since the first publication of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) in 2005. As a result, there are different types of reconstruction methods available, which can be separated into two basic concepts: reconstruction using a system matrix and reconstruction using a direct deconvolution. Both methods have their merits and drawbacks. For the first approach hardware parameters like sampling rate and frequencies have to be chosen carefully to fit the parameter selection process required for the system matrix. For the other approach the temporal and spatial homogeneity of the magnetic field gradient over the entire FOV has to be high to perform an accurate reconstruction, which results in smaller FOVs. In this paper a novel reconstruction method is presented, which combines the advantages of both reconstruction methods to be more flexible during the entire reconstruction process. Furthermore, it enables the possibility of performing a dynamic patch reconstruction, which allows to select arbitrary areas of the FOV for higher resolution reducing reconstruction time significantly. In addition, this new reconstruction improved the image quality of a Traveling Wave MPI scanner substantially.
• First in vivo traveling wave magnetic particle imaging of a beating mouse heart. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Klauer, Peter; Kullmann, Walter Heinrich; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In Phys. Med. Biol., 61(18), pp. 6620–6634. 2016.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a non-invasive imaging modality for direct detection of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles based on the nonlinear magnetization response of magnetic materials to alternating magnetic fields. This highly sensitive and rapid method allows both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the measured signal. Since the first publication of MPI in 2005 several different scanner concepts have been presented and in 2009 the first in vivo imaging results of a beating mouse heart were shown. However, since the field of view (FOV) of the first MPI-scanner only covers a small region several approaches and hardware enhancements were presented to overcome this issue and could increase the FOV on cost of acquisition speed. In 2014 an alternative scanner concept, the traveling wave MPI (TWMPI), was presented, which allows scanning an entire mouse-sized volume at once. In this paper the first in vivo imaging results using the TWMPI system are presented. By optimizing the trajectory the temporal resolution is sufficiently high to resolve the dynamic of a beating mouse heart.

  @article{vogel_2016, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a non-invasive imaging modality for direct detection of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles based on the nonlinear magnetization response of magnetic materials to alternating magnetic fields. This highly sensitive and rapid method allows both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the measured signal. Since the first publication of MPI in 2005 several different scanner concepts have been presented and in 2009 the first in vivo imaging results of a beating mouse heart were shown. However, since the field of view (FOV) of the first MPI-scanner only covers a small region several approaches and hardware enhancements were presented to overcome this issue and could increase the FOV on cost of acquisition speed. In 2014 an alternative scanner concept, the traveling wave MPI (TWMPI), was presented, which allows scanning an entire mouse-sized volume at once. In this paper the first in vivo imaging results using the TWMPI system are presented. By optimizing the trajectory the temporal resolution is sufficiently high to resolve the dynamic of a beating mouse heart.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Klauer, Peter and Kullmann, Walter Heinrich and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {Phys. Med. Biol.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 9, number = 18, pages = {6620-6634}, title = {First in vivo traveling wave magnetic particle imaging of a beating mouse heart}, volume = 61, year = 2016 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2016 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Klauer, Peter %A Kullmann, Walter Heinrich %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2016 %J Phys. Med. Biol. %N 18 %P 6620-6634 %R 10.1088/0031-9155/61/18/6620 %T First in vivo traveling wave magnetic particle imaging of a beating mouse heart %V 61 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a non-invasive imaging modality for direct detection of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles based on the nonlinear magnetization response of magnetic materials to alternating magnetic fields. This highly sensitive and rapid method allows both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the measured signal. Since the first publication of MPI in 2005 several different scanner concepts have been presented and in 2009 the first in vivo imaging results of a beating mouse heart were shown. However, since the field of view (FOV) of the first MPI-scanner only covers a small region several approaches and hardware enhancements were presented to overcome this issue and could increase the FOV on cost of acquisition speed. In 2014 an alternative scanner concept, the traveling wave MPI (TWMPI), was presented, which allows scanning an entire mouse-sized volume at once. In this paper the first in vivo imaging results using the TWMPI system are presented. By optimizing the trajectory the temporal resolution is sufficiently high to resolve the dynamic of a beating mouse heart.

• μMPI - Initial Experiments With an Ultrahigh Resolution MPI. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 51(2), p. 6502104. 2015.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging method for the depiction of superparamagnetic materials. Since the first publication several MPI scanner were presented, which work at gradient strength of ~2-7 T/m. This is reasonable for in vivo imaging and provides a resolution of ~1 mm. In this paper, several approaches for a micro-MPI (μMPI) device for very small samples are presented, which works at a very high magnetic gradient strength of ~85 T/m. This results in a theoretical resolution <100 μm. This μMPI device can be operated at several modes, which have different advantages. In preliminary tests, the feasibility of the μMPI device has been proven.

  @article{vogel_2015_3, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging method for the depiction of superparamagnetic materials. Since the first publication several MPI scanner were presented, which work at gradient strength of  2-7 T/m. This is reasonable for in vivo imaging and provides a resolution of  1 mm. In this paper, several approaches for a micro-MPI (μMPI) device for very small samples are presented, which works at a very high magnetic gradient strength of  85 T/m. This results in a theoretical resolution <100 μm. This μMPI device can be operated at several modes, which have different advantages. In preliminary tests, the feasibility of the μMPI device has been proven.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 6502104, title = {μMPI - Initial Experiments With an Ultrahigh Resolution MPI}, volume = 51, year = 2015 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2015_3 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2015 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 6502104 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2329135 %T μMPI - Initial Experiments With an Ultrahigh Resolution MPI %V 51 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging method for the depiction of superparamagnetic materials. Since the first publication several MPI scanner were presented, which work at gradient strength of ~2-7 T/m. This is reasonable for in vivo imaging and provides a resolution of ~1 mm. In this paper, several approaches for a micro-MPI (μMPI) device for very small samples are presented, which works at a very high magnetic gradient strength of ~85 T/m. This results in a theoretical resolution <100 μm. This μMPI device can be operated at several modes, which have different advantages. In preliminary tests, the feasibility of the μMPI device has been proven.
• Superspeed Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Klauer, Peter; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 51(2), p. 6501603. 2015.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Since the first publication in 2005, several different scanner types for magnetic particle imaging (MPI) have been presented. One of these scanner concepts is traveling wave MPI (TWMPI). It uses a dynamic linear gradient array, which generates and moves a field free point with a strong gradient, which is necessary for scanning the sample in 3-D. Due to the linear properties of the TWMPI device, very fast 2-D imaging with frame rates higher than 1500 frames/s is possible (superspeed mode). Using the superspeed mode different high speed measurements are conceivable, e.g., fluid-dynamic investigations.

  @article{vogel_2015_2, abstract = {Since the first publication in 2005, several different scanner types for magnetic particle imaging (MPI) have been presented. One of these scanner concepts is traveling wave MPI (TWMPI). It uses a dynamic linear gradient array, which generates and moves a field free point with a strong gradient, which is necessary for scanning the sample in 3-D. Due to the linear properties of the TWMPI device, very fast 2-D imaging with frame rates higher than 1500 frames/s is possible (superspeed mode). Using the superspeed mode different high speed measurements are conceivable, e.g., fluid-dynamic investigations.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Klauer, Peter and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 6501603, title = {Superspeed Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 51, year = 2015 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2015_2 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Klauer, Peter %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2015 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 6501603 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2322897 %T Superspeed Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging %V 51 %X Since the first publication in 2005, several different scanner types for magnetic particle imaging (MPI) have been presented. One of these scanner concepts is traveling wave MPI (TWMPI). It uses a dynamic linear gradient array, which generates and moves a field free point with a strong gradient, which is necessary for scanning the sample in 3-D. Due to the linear properties of the TWMPI device, very fast 2-D imaging with frame rates higher than 1500 frames/s is possible (superspeed mode). Using the superspeed mode different high speed measurements are conceivable, e.g., fluid-dynamic investigations.
• Simulating the Signal Generation of Rotational Drift Spectroscopy. Rückert, Martin Andreas; Vogel, Patrick; Kampf, Thomas; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 51(2), p. 6500704. 2015.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Magnetic particles have become a core ingredient for many applications in chemistry, biology, and medical diagnostics, e.g., as basis for bioanalytical methods or tracer material for medical imaging. This paper discusses the theory and presents numerical simulations of a new method called rotational drift spectroscopy (RDS), which uses rotating magnetic fields for measuring the properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid suspensions. The RDS signal is based on the nonlinear rotational drift behavior of MNPs in rotating magnetic fields, which is highly dependent on the properties of the MNPs as well as their interaction with the environment. This dependence makes it a highly promising tool for detecting the binding of functionalized MNPs with, e.g., proteins, viruses, or cells. This paper presents the theory and numerical simulations of this method.

  @article{rueckert_2015_2, abstract = {Magnetic particles have become a core ingredient for many applications in chemistry, biology, and medical diagnostics, e.g., as basis for bioanalytical methods or tracer material for medical imaging. This paper discusses the theory and presents numerical simulations of a new method called rotational drift spectroscopy (RDS), which uses rotating magnetic fields for measuring the properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid suspensions. The RDS signal is based on the nonlinear rotational drift behavior of MNPs in rotating magnetic fields, which is highly dependent on the properties of the MNPs as well as their interaction with the environment. This dependence makes it a highly promising tool for detecting the binding of functionalized MNPs with, e.g., proteins, viruses, or cells. This paper presents the theory and numerical simulations of this method.}, author = {Rückert, Martin Andreas and Vogel, Patrick and Kampf, Thomas and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {rds}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 6500704, title = {Simulating the Signal Generation of Rotational Drift Spectroscopy}, volume = 51, year = 2015 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 rueckert_2015_2 %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Vogel, Patrick %A Kampf, Thomas %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2015 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 6500704 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2335536 %T Simulating the Signal Generation of Rotational Drift Spectroscopy %V 51 %X Magnetic particles have become a core ingredient for many applications in chemistry, biology, and medical diagnostics, e.g., as basis for bioanalytical methods or tracer material for medical imaging. This paper discusses the theory and presents numerical simulations of a new method called rotational drift spectroscopy (RDS), which uses rotating magnetic fields for measuring the properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid suspensions. The RDS signal is based on the nonlinear rotational drift behavior of MNPs in rotating magnetic fields, which is highly dependent on the properties of the MNPs as well as their interaction with the environment. This dependence makes it a highly promising tool for detecting the binding of functionalized MNPs with, e.g., proteins, viruses, or cells. This paper presents the theory and numerical simulations of this method.
• Rotational Drift Spectroscopy for Magnetic Particle Ensembles. Rückert, Martin Andreas; Vogel, Patrick; Vilter, Anna; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 51(2), p. 6500604. 2015.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ EndNote ]
  • [ DOI ]
  Magnetic particles have become a core ingredient for many applications in chemistry, biology, and medical diagnostics, e.g., as a basis for bioanalytical methods or as tracer material for medical imaging. This paper presents a new method called rotational drift spectroscopy (RDS) which uses rotating magnetic fields for measuring the properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid suspensions. The RDS signal is based on the nonlinear rotational drift behavior of MNPs in rotating magnetic fields, which is highly dependent on the properties of the MNPs as well as their interaction with the environment. This dependency allows detecting the binding of functionalized MNPs with, e.g., proteins, viruses, or cells with potentially very high sensitivity. This paper presents first experiments demonstrating rotational drift behavior on aggregated magnetic particle ensembles and the corresponding experimental setup.

  @article{rueckert_2015_1, abstract = {Magnetic particles have become a core ingredient for many applications in chemistry, biology, and medical diagnostics, e.g., as a basis for bioanalytical methods or as tracer material for medical imaging. This paper presents a new method called rotational drift spectroscopy (RDS) which uses rotating magnetic fields for measuring the properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid suspensions. The RDS signal is based on the nonlinear rotational drift behavior of MNPs in rotating magnetic fields, which is highly dependent on the properties of the MNPs as well as their interaction with the environment. This dependency allows detecting the binding of functionalized MNPs with, e.g., proteins, viruses, or cells with potentially very high sensitivity. This paper presents first experiments demonstrating rotational drift behavior on aggregated magnetic particle ensembles and the corresponding experimental setup.}, author = {Rückert, Martin Andreas and Vogel, Patrick and Vilter, Anna and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {rds}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 6500604, title = {Rotational Drift Spectroscopy for Magnetic Particle Ensembles}, volume = 51, year = 2015 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 rueckert_2015_1 %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Vogel, Patrick %A Vilter, Anna %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2015 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 6500604 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2334138 %T Rotational Drift Spectroscopy for Magnetic Particle Ensembles %V 51 %X Magnetic particles have become a core ingredient for many applications in chemistry, biology, and medical diagnostics, e.g., as a basis for bioanalytical methods or as tracer material for medical imaging. This paper presents a new method called rotational drift spectroscopy (RDS) which uses rotating magnetic fields for measuring the properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in liquid suspensions. The RDS signal is based on the nonlinear rotational drift behavior of MNPs in rotating magnetic fields, which is highly dependent on the properties of the MNPs as well as their interaction with the environment. This dependency allows detecting the binding of functionalized MNPs with, e.g., proteins, viruses, or cells with potentially very high sensitivity. This paper presents first experiments demonstrating rotational drift behavior on aggregated magnetic particle ensembles and the corresponding experimental setup.
• Rotating Slice Scanning Mode for Traveling Wave MPI. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Klauer, Peter; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 51(2), p. 6501503. 2015.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  Since the introduction of magnetic particle imaging in 2005, several different types of scanner were presented. One of them is the traveling wave magnetic particle imaging (TWMPI) scanner. It uses for imaging a dynamic linear gradient array for a dynamic generation of a strong gradient and field free point. An unresolved issue of the TWMPI approach so far is the non-isotropic spatial resolution. As an alternative in this paper, a rotating slice scanning mode for TWMPI is presented to overcome this issue. This approach rotates the scanning-slices around the scanner axis and uses a projection reconstruction method to get a 3-D volume with a high isotropic resolution.

  @article{vogel_2015_1, abstract = {Since the introduction of magnetic particle imaging in 2005, several different types of scanner were presented. One of them is the traveling wave magnetic particle imaging (TWMPI) scanner. It uses for imaging a dynamic linear gradient array for a dynamic generation of a strong gradient and field free point. An unresolved issue of the TWMPI approach so far is the non-isotropic spatial resolution. As an alternative in this paper, a rotating slice scanning mode for TWMPI is presented to overcome this issue. This approach rotates the scanning-slices around the scanner axis and uses a projection reconstruction method to get a 3-D volume with a high isotropic resolution.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Klauer, Peter and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 6501503, title = {Rotating Slice Scanning Mode for Traveling Wave MPI}, volume = 51, year = 2015 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2015_1 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Klauer, Peter %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2015 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 6501503 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2335255 %T Rotating Slice Scanning Mode for Traveling Wave MPI %V 51 %X Since the introduction of magnetic particle imaging in 2005, several different types of scanner were presented. One of them is the traveling wave magnetic particle imaging (TWMPI) scanner. It uses for imaging a dynamic linear gradient array for a dynamic generation of a strong gradient and field free point. An unresolved issue of the TWMPI approach so far is the non-isotropic spatial resolution. As an alternative in this paper, a rotating slice scanning mode for TWMPI is presented to overcome this issue. This approach rotates the scanning-slices around the scanner axis and uses a projection reconstruction method to get a 3-D volume with a high isotropic resolution.
• Bimodal TWMPI-MRI Hybrid Scanner - Coil Setup and Electronics. Klauer, Peter; Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Magn., 51(2), p. 5300504. 2015.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) was first presented in 2005. It is based on the nonlinear response of ferromagnetic material and the fact that the magnetization saturates at sufficiently high magnetic fields. In contrast to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MPI directly detects the concentration and distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles without any background of any tissue. To overcome this issue, a traveling wave MPI (TWMPI) device was combined with a low field MRI scanner to demonstrate the feasibility of a hybrid scanner, which contains both imaging modalities in a single device. The hardware of both separate approaches should be improved and optimized to reach higher fields and a higher resolution, especially for the MRI measurement. Therefore, the dynamic linear gradient array from the TWMPI scanner was modified in a way to produce also a homogenous magnetic field, which can be used for MRI.

  @article{klauer_2015_1, abstract = {Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) was first presented in 2005. It is based on the nonlinear response of ferromagnetic material and the fact that the magnetization saturates at sufficiently high magnetic fields. In contrast to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MPI directly detects the concentration and distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles without any background of any tissue. To overcome this issue, a traveling wave MPI (TWMPI) device was combined with a low field MRI scanner to demonstrate the feasibility of a hybrid scanner, which contains both imaging modalities in a single device. The hardware of both separate approaches should be improved and optimized to reach higher fields and a higher resolution, especially for the MRI measurement. Therefore, the dynamic linear gradient array from the TWMPI scanner was modified in a way to produce also a homogenous magnetic field, which can be used for MRI.}, author = {Klauer, Peter and Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Magn.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = 5300504, title = {Bimodal TWMPI-MRI Hybrid Scanner - Coil Setup and Electronics}, volume = 51, year = 2015 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 klauer_2015_1 %A Klauer, Peter %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2015 %J IEEE Trans. Magn. %N 2 %P 5300504 %R 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2324180 %T Bimodal TWMPI-MRI Hybrid Scanner - Coil Setup and Electronics %V 51 %X Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) was first presented in 2005. It is based on the nonlinear response of ferromagnetic material and the fact that the magnetization saturates at sufficiently high magnetic fields. In contrast to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MPI directly detects the concentration and distribution of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles without any background of any tissue. To overcome this issue, a traveling wave MPI (TWMPI) device was combined with a low field MRI scanner to demonstrate the feasibility of a hybrid scanner, which contains both imaging modalities in a single device. The hardware of both separate approaches should be improved and optimized to reach higher fields and a higher resolution, especially for the MRI measurement. Therefore, the dynamic linear gradient array from the TWMPI scanner was modified in a way to produce also a homogenous magnetic field, which can be used for MRI.

• Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging for determining the iron-distribution in rock. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Klauer, Peter; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In diffusion-fundamentals.org, 22(12), pp. 1–5. 2014.
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  Determining the composition of solid materials is of high interest in areas such as material research or quality assurance. There are several modalities at disposal with which various parameters of the material can be observed, but of those only magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computer tomography (CT) offer a non-destructive determination of material distribution in 3D. A novel non-destructive imaging method is Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), which uses dynamic magnetic fields for a direct determination of the distribution of magnetic materials in 3D. With this approach, it is possible to determine and differentiate magnetic and nonmagnetic behaviour. In this paper, the first proof-of-principle measurements of magnetic properties in solid environments are presented using a home-built traveling wave magnetic particle imaging scanner.

  @article{vogel_2014_2, abstract = {Determining the composition of solid materials is of high interest in areas such as material research or quality assurance. There are several modalities at disposal with which various parameters of the material can be observed, but of those only magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computer tomography (CT) offer a non-destructive determination of material distribution in 3D. A novel non-destructive imaging method is Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), which uses dynamic magnetic fields for a direct determination of the distribution of magnetic materials in 3D. With this approach, it is possible to determine and differentiate magnetic and nonmagnetic behaviour. In this paper, the first proof-of-principle measurements of magnetic properties in solid environments are presented using a home-built traveling wave magnetic particle imaging scanner.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Klauer, Peter and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {diffusion-fundamentals.org}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 3, number = 12, pages = {1-5}, title = {Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging for determining the iron-distribution in rock}, volume = 22, year = 2014 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2014_2 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Klauer, Peter %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2014 %J diffusion-fundamentals.org %N 12 %P 1-5 %T Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging for determining the iron-distribution in rock %U http://www.uni-leipzig.de/diffusion/pdf/volume22/diff_fund_22(2014)12.pdf %V 22 %X Determining the composition of solid materials is of high interest in areas such as material research or quality assurance. There are several modalities at disposal with which various parameters of the material can be observed, but of those only magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computer tomography (CT) offer a non-destructive determination of material distribution in 3D. A novel non-destructive imaging method is Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), which uses dynamic magnetic fields for a direct determination of the distribution of magnetic materials in 3D. With this approach, it is possible to determine and differentiate magnetic and nonmagnetic behaviour. In this paper, the first proof-of-principle measurements of magnetic properties in solid environments are presented using a home-built traveling wave magnetic particle imaging scanner.
• Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging. Vogel, Patrick; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Klauer, Peter; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., 33(2), pp. 400–407. 2014.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  Most 3-D magnetic particle imaging (MPI) scanners currently use permanent magnets to create the strong gradient field required for high resolution MPI. However, using permanent magnets limits the field of view (FOV) due to the large amount of energy required to move the field free point (FFP) from the center of the scanner. To address this issue, an alternative approach called “Traveling Wave MPI” is here presented. This approach employs a novel gradient system, the dynamic linear gradient array, to cover a large FOV while dynamically creating a strong magnetic gradient. The proposed design also enables the use of a so-called line-scanning mode, which simplifies the FFP trajectory to a linear path through the 3-D volume. This results in simplified mathematics, which facilitates the image reconstruction.

  @article{vogel_2014_1, abstract = {Most 3-D magnetic particle imaging (MPI) scanners currently use permanent magnets to create the strong gradient field required for high resolution MPI. However, using permanent magnets limits the field of view (FOV) due to the large amount of energy required to move the field free point (FFP) from the center of the scanner. To address this issue, an alternative approach called “Traveling Wave MPI” is here presented. This approach employs a novel gradient system, the dynamic linear gradient array, to cover a large FOV while dynamically creating a strong magnetic gradient. The proposed design also enables the use of a so-called line-scanning mode, which simplifies the FFP trajectory to a linear path through the 3-D volume. This results in simplified mathematics, which facilitates the image reconstruction.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Klauer, Peter and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Med. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 2, number = 2, pages = {400-407}, title = {Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 33, year = 2014 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2014_1 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Klauer, Peter %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2014 %J IEEE Trans. Med. Imag. %N 2 %P 400-407 %R 10.1109/TMI.2013.2285472 %T Traveling Wave Magnetic Particle Imaging %V 33 %X Most 3-D magnetic particle imaging (MPI) scanners currently use permanent magnets to create the strong gradient field required for high resolution MPI. However, using permanent magnets limits the field of view (FOV) due to the large amount of energy required to move the field free point (FFP) from the center of the scanner. To address this issue, an alternative approach called “Traveling Wave MPI” is here presented. This approach employs a novel gradient system, the dynamic linear gradient array, to cover a large FOV while dynamically creating a strong magnetic gradient. The proposed design also enables the use of a so-called line-scanning mode, which simplifies the FFP trajectory to a linear path through the 3-D volume. This results in simplified mathematics, which facilitates the image reconstruction.
• MRI Meets MPI: A Bimodal MPI-MRI Tomograph. Vogel, Patrick; Lother, Steffen; Rückert, Martin Andreas; Kullmann, Walter H; Jakob, Peter Michael; Fidler, Florian; Behr, Volker Christian. In IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., 33(10), pp. 1954–1959. 2014.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  While magnetic particle imaging (MPI) constitutes a novel biomedical imaging technique for tracking superpara magnetic nanoparticles in vivo, unlike magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it cannot provide anatomical background information. Until now these two modalities have been performed in separate scanners and image co-registration has been hampered by the need to reposition the sample in both systems as similarly as possible. This paper presents a bimodal MPI-MRI-tomograph that combines both modalities in a single system. MPI and MRI images can thus be acquired without moving the sample or replacing any parts in the setup. The images acquired with the presented setup show excellent agreement between the localization of the nano particles in MPI and the MRI background data. A combination of two highly complementary imaging modalities has been achieved.

  @article{vogel_2014_3, abstract = {While magnetic particle imaging (MPI) constitutes a novel biomedical imaging technique for tracking superpara magnetic nanoparticles in vivo, unlike magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it cannot provide anatomical background information. Until now these two modalities have been performed in separate scanners and image co-registration has been hampered by the need to reposition the sample in both systems as similarly as possible. This paper presents a bimodal MPI-MRI-tomograph that combines both modalities in a single system. MPI and MRI images can thus be acquired without moving the sample or replacing any parts in the setup. The images acquired with the presented setup show excellent agreement between the localization of the nano particles in MPI and the MRI background data. A combination of two highly complementary imaging modalities has been achieved.}, author = {Vogel, Patrick and Lother, Steffen and Rückert, Martin Andreas and Kullmann, Walter H and Jakob, Peter Michael and Fidler, Florian and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Med. Imag.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 10, number = 10, pages = {1954-1959}, title = {MRI Meets MPI: A Bimodal MPI-MRI Tomograph}, volume = 33, year = 2014 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 vogel_2014_3 %A Vogel, Patrick %A Lother, Steffen %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Kullmann, Walter H %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Fidler, Florian %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2014 %J IEEE Trans. Med. Imag. %N 10 %P 1954-1959 %R 10.1109/TMI.2014.2327515 %T MRI Meets MPI: A Bimodal MPI-MRI Tomograph %V 33 %X While magnetic particle imaging (MPI) constitutes a novel biomedical imaging technique for tracking superpara magnetic nanoparticles in vivo, unlike magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it cannot provide anatomical background information. Until now these two modalities have been performed in separate scanners and image co-registration has been hampered by the need to reposition the sample in both systems as similarly as possible. This paper presents a bimodal MPI-MRI-tomograph that combines both modalities in a single system. MPI and MRI images can thus be acquired without moving the sample or replacing any parts in the setup. The images acquired with the presented setup show excellent agreement between the localization of the nano particles in MPI and the MRI background data. A combination of two highly complementary imaging modalities has been achieved.

• Numerically Efficient Estimation of Relaxation Effects in Magnetic Particle Imaging. Rückert, Martin Andreas; Vogel, Patrick; Jakob, Peter Michael; Behr, Volker Christian. In Biomed. Tech., 58(6), pp. 593–600. 2013.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  Current simulations of the signal in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) are either based on the Langevin function or on directly measuring the system function. The former completely ignores the influence of finite relaxation times of magnetic particles, and the latter requires time-consuming reference scans with an existing MPI scanner. Therefore, the resulting system function only applies for a given tracer type and the properties of the applied scanning trajectory. It requires separate reference scans for different trajectories and does not allow simulating theoretical magnetic particle suspensions. The most accessible and accurate way for including relaxation effects in the signal simulation would be using the Langevin equation. However, this is a very time-consuming approach because it calculates the stochastic dynamics of the individual particles and averages over large particle ensembles. In the current article, a numerically efficient way for approximating the averaged Langevin equation is proposed, which is much faster than the approach based on the Langevin equation because it is directly calculating the averaged time evolution of the magnetization. The proposed simulation yields promising results. Except for the case of small orthogonal offset fields, a high agreement with the full but significantly slower simulation could be shown.

  @article{rueckert_2013_1, abstract = {Current simulations of the signal in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) are either based on the Langevin function or on directly measuring the system function. The former completely ignores the influence of finite relaxation times of magnetic particles, and the latter requires time-consuming reference scans with an existing MPI scanner. Therefore, the resulting system function only applies for a given tracer type and the properties of the applied scanning trajectory. It requires separate reference scans for different trajectories and does not allow simulating theoretical magnetic particle suspensions. The most accessible and accurate way for including relaxation effects in the signal simulation would be using the Langevin equation. However, this is a very time-consuming approach because it calculates the stochastic dynamics of the individual particles and averages over large particle ensembles. In the current article, a numerically efficient way for approximating the averaged Langevin equation is proposed, which is much faster than the approach based on the Langevin equation because it is directly calculating the averaged time evolution of the magnetization. The proposed simulation yields promising results. Except for the case of small orthogonal offset fields, a high agreement with the full but significantly slower simulation could be shown.}, author = {Rückert, Martin Andreas and Vogel, Patrick and Jakob, Peter Michael and Behr, Volker Christian}, journal = {Biomed. Tech.}, keywords = {mpi}, month = 12, number = 6, pages = {593-600}, title = {Numerically Efficient Estimation of Relaxation Effects in Magnetic Particle Imaging}, volume = 58, year = 2013 }

  %0 Journal Article %1 rueckert_2013_1 %A Rückert, Martin Andreas %A Vogel, Patrick %A Jakob, Peter Michael %A Behr, Volker Christian %D 2013 %J Biomed. Tech. %N 6 %P 593-600 %R 10.1515/bmt-2013-0015 %T Numerically Efficient Estimation of Relaxation Effects in Magnetic Particle Imaging %V 58 %X Current simulations of the signal in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) are either based on the Langevin function or on directly measuring the system function. The former completely ignores the influence of finite relaxation times of magnetic particles, and the latter requires time-consuming reference scans with an existing MPI scanner. Therefore, the resulting system function only applies for a given tracer type and the properties of the applied scanning trajectory. It requires separate reference scans for different trajectories and does not allow simulating theoretical magnetic particle suspensions. The most accessible and accurate way for including relaxation effects in the signal simulation would be using the Langevin equation. However, this is a very time-consuming approach because it calculates the stochastic dynamics of the individual particles and averages over large particle ensembles. In the current article, a numerically efficient way for approximating the averaged Langevin equation is proposed, which is much faster than the approach based on the Langevin equation because it is directly calculating the averaged time evolution of the magnetization. The proposed simulation yields promising results. Except for the case of small orthogonal offset fields, a high agreement with the full but significantly slower simulation could be shown.